EFFECT OF ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF SEONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

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EFFECT OF ANTI-SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR OF SEONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS ON THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the study
Research questions
Research hypothesis

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Nigerian society is a highly dynamic one. The dynamism gives rise to new issues of public interest. It also generates new problems and poses daunting challenges for which the society and its people cannot overlook. If there is any issue that is most pressing in the minds of people as far as education is concerned, it is that pertaining to the quality or standard of education.

Critics point out that policy makers and planners are more concerned with the number of educated number of graduating rather than with quality of graduates.

According to Fadipe and Oluchukwu (1999), qualitative aspect of education should be viewed as a living and moving thing whose goodness resides not only in its excellence and fitness to the changing needs of the particular students and society it is intended to serve. Qualitative education should therefore lead to detectable gains in knowledge, skills and values. There are, however, several students’ vices that seem to be militating against realization of the desired qualitative education in Nigeria educational system. Some of the common ones (anti social behaviors) include truancy, drug/alcohol abuse, examination malpractices, absenteeism from school.

Anti social behavior is a broad term used to describe day to day incidence of nuisance and disorder that affects peoples’ lives.

Anti social behaviors are disruptive acts characterized by covert and overt hostility and intentional aggression towards others. Anti social behaviors exist along a continuum and include a repeated violation of social rules, defiance of authority and of the rights of others, deceitfulness, theft and reckless disregard for self and others.

Anti social behaviors develop and is shaped in the context of coercive social interactions within the family, community and educational environment. It is also influenced by the child’s temperament and irritability, cognitive ability, the level of involvement with deviant peers, exposure to violence and deficit of cooperative problem solving skills. Behavioral disorders include stealing, violence, drug abuse, examination malpractice, sexual abuse and truancy.

Anti social behaviors can be broken down into two components: – the presence of anti social (i.e. angry, aggressive or disobedient) behaviors, and the absence of pro social (i.e., communicative, affirmative or cooperative) behaviors. Most children exhibit some anti social behaviors during their development, and different children demonstrate varying levels of pro social and anti social behaviors. Some children may exhibit high levels of both anti social and pro social behaviors, for example, the popular but rebellious child. However, some may exhibit low levels of both types of behaviors; for example the withdrawn, thoughtful child. Young children may exhibit hostility towards authority, lie, steal or engage in violent behaviors can be diagnosed with conduct disorder.

Mental health professionals agree, and rising rates of serious school disciplinary problems, delinquency, and violent crimes indicate, that anti social behavior in general is increasing. A greater proportion of them suffer from the social, academic and occupational failures resulting from their anti social behavior.

Farrington (2005) points out the following indicators of anti social behavior in childhood and adolescents: behavioral disorder, impulsiveness, stealing, vandalism, resisting authority, physical and/or psychological aggression, bullying, running away from home, school absenteeism, cruelty towards animals, etc. As for adulthood, Farrington points to illegal or criminal behaviors, drug and/or alcohol abuse, marital breakdown, gender violence etc.

Evidence from previous studies reveals probability of anti social behaviors being interrelated, retained or progressive.

Education is a universally accepted facilitator of change and a meaningful dynamic process for social, academic and economic development. According to national policies of Nigeria which states that, not only is education the greatest force used to bring about redress, it is also a great instrument of its economic, social, political and human resources, Hence, the attempt to study the influence of anti social behavior on students’ academic performance and the way forward.

Recently the dramatic increase in the prevalence of problematic behaviors during adolescence has broken the traditional view that academic success is the only standard in assessing good students. In Nigeria, not only students’ school performance, but also their behavior has been given considerable public attention. Hence, high academic performance and behavioral competence are regarded as two important indicators for determining the overall well being of students.

Thus, the focus of this study is on the social, emotional, and behavioral disorders of children and youth, which are increasingly manifested within the context of schooling, children by the thousands now appear at the school house door showing the damaging effects of prior exposure to family based and societal risks during the first 5 years of life {e.g. abuse, neglect, chaotic family conditions, crime ridden neighborhoods, media violence}.

The more severe these risks are and the more of them one is exposed to over the long term (i.e. the first five years of life), the greater their likely negative impact (Biglan, 2001;Walker,Ramsey)

These behavioral disorders have undermined effective teaching and learning processes that some teachers have become helpless and disorganized in their task of imparting knowledge to learners. Several factors have been identified as being responsible for anti social behaviors, some of these factors include: home factors, school factors, environmental factors etc.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

This research work attempts to look into plethora anti social behaviors of students and their academic performances. Due to the rapid development, behavioral problem have become a menace among students and is even affecting their performances in class. Despite the worldwide concern and education about the dangers of drug abuse and other related behaviors, most of the students have limited knowledge of how dangerous the habit is (Ngesu, 2008).Many students have dropped out of school and others opted to engage in criminal activities thus endangering the lives of the people living in their surroundings, The young generation no longer has role models since most of the young Adults are unemployed and under the influence of drugs.

Despite the government’s concern and heightened campaigns against the vice among high school students, there exists a parallel accelerated rate of students who are illicit drug users, truants, thieves and prostitutes. Although, students are expected to be aware of the effects of these endangering behaviors and commit themselves to their studies, the habit still exist default of their prior expected awareness of its consequences. Although excessive use of illicit drugs is prevalent in all societies, students with no exception, none of critical studies on factors influencing its prevalence comparing in school to out of school youth has yet been conducted in. This has been established from a thorough search in the archives and libraries so as to ascertain originality of this study. This has been a green field of research that has greatly prompted the choice of research topic.

This study therefore, seeks to establish the correlation between poor academic performance and anti social behaviors in ile oluji/ okeigbo local government. The study will also assess the various reasons as to why students engage in anti social behaviors and the factors that triggers anti social behaviors of students. Behavior is a major aspect of life, after observing students behavior, this study will propose suitable solutions and policy recommendations necessary to combat students’ anti social behaviors.

1.3 Objective of the Study

Students anti social behavior is a contemporary issue in our modern society, an increase in the occurrence of these anti social behaviors and acts of indiscipline is causing the government, parents, teachers and social workers a lot of concern.

In the course of this work, this detailed study sought to address the following objectives and questions:-

To determine the existence of anti social behaviors among students in the area of study.
To determine the factors causing anti social behaviors among students.
To determine the approaches to preventing anti social behaviors among students.
To determine the relationship between anti social behaviors and the academic performance of secondary students in the area of study.

1.4 Research Question

This research work will adequately give answers to the following questions.

To what extent is anti social behaviors prevalent among students in ile oluji/okeigbo local government of Ondo state?
What are the factors of anti social behaviors among secondary school students?
What are the approaches to preventing anti social behaviors among students in secondary school?
Is there any relationship between anti social behavior and academic performance of secondary school students in the area of study?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

There is a significant relationship between anti social behavior and academic performance of secondary school students.

1.6 Significance of the Study

Nigeria is faced with a plethora of problem today and the core issue of students unruly and anti social behaviors cannot be edged out. The educational system most especially the secondary school has become a breeding ground for students who exhibit delinquent behaviors; hence it has become problematic for teachers to effectively impact knowledge.

As a result of the anti social behaviors of secondary school students, we are faced with a low level of literacy. This study upholds the negative influence of anti social behavior on the academic performance of students and it aims to foster a society that breeds students free from anti social behavior.

The result of this study will constitute an enriching boost to already existing literatures on the issue of anti social behaviors, the causes and its effects on the academic performances of the student.

The finding of this study will help in giving more weight into the pattern of anti social behaviors among students and their academic determinants.

This study will also contribute immensely towards understanding of the circumstances surrounding secondary students anti social behaviors, in order to enable the society to know the exact area to focus attention upon in its fight against crime in the society. Although, previous studies in Nigeria on students anti social behavior have dealt mostly on its adverse effect on social lives, that in turn affect the societal units such as family etc. however there is a gap in knowledge on how anti social behavior affect the academic performance of secondary school students.

1.7 Scope of the Study

Ile –Oluji/Okeigbo local government area of Ondo state, it has an area of 698 km² and a population of 172,870 at the 2006 census. The postal code of the area is 351.

Therefore this study is primarily designed to cover only secondary school students who are from ile oluji okeigbo local government of Ondo state.

1.8 Limitations of the Study

Exploring the possible confounds and conducting a thorough investigation into the construct validity of information given by respondents will be difficult and would require additional research. This research could perhaps assume a qualitative nature, and might probe people’s concepts about personality resilience, comprehensibility, manageability and so on. Interviews and panel discussions with people from the local secondary school, and the administration may help but in spite getting a letters of introduction from school, suspicion of the area of research would most likely to cause unnecessary delays. The research topic is sensitive and the respondents may withhold sensitive information.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Delinquent: one who destroys or breaks rules or laws

Plethora: an excessive amount or number; abundance.

Adolescence: the transitional period of physical and psychological development between childhood and maturity.

Continuum: a continuous series, whole or part of which is noticeably different from its adjacent part.
Covert: hidden, covered over, sheltered.

Overt: open not secret or concealed.

1.10 Organization of the Study

This study is organized into five chapters; the first chapter is the introduction that gives a general overview of the research problem. This chapter further provides a background to the problem, a problem statement as well as the objectives and assumptions of the study. Literature that is relevant to this field of study is reviewed in chapter two to establish the influence of drugs on students’ academic performance. Chapter three examines the methodology that will be used to collect and analyze data. Chapter four deals with data analysis while chapter five focuses on conclusions and recommendations as well as further proposed area of research.

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