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FUNGICIDAL CONTROL OF FOLIAR DISEASES OF GROUNDNUT IN SAMARU, NORTHERN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
Two experiments were c a r r i e d out for the c o n t r ol of l e a f s p o t s and r u s t of groundnut. The t r i a l s were conducted in 1982 and 1983 at Samaru which r e p r e s e n ts t h e Northern Guinea Savanna zone. In one experiment, two f o r m u l a t i o n s of mancozeb (ULV and w e t t a b l e power) were a p p l i e d to groundnut as u l t r a – l o w volume and medium volume sprays u s i n g the s p i n n i n g d i s c and the CP3 knapsack s p r a y e r . Different r a t e s of the f u n g i c i d e s were used. The a p p l i c a t i o n of 2 , 0 0 kg/ha of the w e t t a b l e powder f o r m u l a t i o n and 4L/ha of the ULV f o r m u l a t i o n were found to be most s u i t a b l e. The u l t r a – l o w volume sprays r e s u l t e d in good c o n t r ol of l e a f s p o t s and r u s t as did the medium volume s p r a y s. The higher r a t e s of f u n g i c i d e f o r m u l a t i o n s r e s u l t e d in lower d i s e a s e s e v e r i t y . The use of w e t t a b l e powder f o r m u l a t i o n was however found to be cheaper except in c a s e s of extreme water s h o r t a g e. I n the second experiment, Calixin-M was a p p l i e d to groundnut at d i f f e r e n t times of commencement and d i f f e r e nt i n t e r v a l s of s p r a y i n g . There was no s i g n i f i c a n t d i f f e r e n ce i n the times of commencement in the d i s e a s e c o n t r o l. Spraying at 7- and 14-day i n t e r v a l s r e s u l t e d in more e f f e c t i v e and s i g n i f i c a n t l y higher pod and haulm y i e l ds of groundnut than 21-day i n t e r v a l s . Spraying regime commencing at f i r s t appearance of d i s e a s e symptoms and a p p l i e d at 14-day i n t e r v a l s was found to be the b e s t.
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