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ANALYSIS OF FOOD SECURITY AND POVERTY STATUS AMONG HOUSEHOLDS IN EHIME MBANO
ABSTRACT
The research profers an analysis of food security and poverty status among households in Ehime Mbano
It elucidates the nature of food security and poverty status, portrays the challenges of food security and poverty and provides measures to enhance food
security alleviate poverty.
INTRODUCTION
Food security is a concept that has evolved during the 1990s far beyond a traditional focus on the supply of food at the national level. This concept has been
given general definitions in time past but in recent times, there has been a divergence of ideas on what food security really means. food security is defined as
access by all people at all times to enough food for an active and healthy life. The committee on world food security defined it as physical and economic
access to adequate food by all household members without undue risk of losing the access. However, the definition adopted by the countries attending the
world food summit of 1996, and reconfirmed in 2002, accepts the USAID’S concept which has three key elements viz; food availability, food access and food
utilization. However, a fourth concept is increasingly becoming accepted namely, “the risks that can disrupt anyone of the first three factors” There are
therefore four major elements of food security. They are food availability, food access, food utilization and not loosing such access. Availability, access and
utilization are hierarchical in nature. Food availability is necessary but not suicient
for food accessibility and access is necessary but not suicient
for utilization. In a larger sense, two broad groups of factors determine food security. These are supply side factors and demand side factors. The supply-side
factors are those that determine food supply or food availability. In other words, they are determinants of physical access to food at national, household and
intra-household levels. The demand side factors on the other hand are factors that determine the degree of access of countries, households and individuals
to available food. They are, in other words, determinants of economic access to food or determinants of entitlement to available food.
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Food insecurity or lack of access to nutritionally adequate diet in a household or country can take various forms. For example, chronic food insecurity exists
when food supplies are persistently insuicient
to supply adequate nutrient for all individuals. Transitory food insecurity occurs when there is a temporary
decline in access to adequate food because of instability in food production, food price increases or income shortfalls.
We may distinguish between national food security and household food security. This distinction is necessary because an aggregate supply of food, from
domestic sources or import or both, are prerequisite but certainly not a suicient
condition for a food secure situation in a country. In other words, adequate
availability of food in Nigeria on a per capita basis does not necessarily translate to suicient and adequate food for every citizen. Food security at household
level is a subset of the national level and it requires that all individuals and households have access to suicient food either by producing it themselves or by
generating suicient income to demand for it. The research intends to profer an analysis of food security and poverty status among holds in Ehime Mbano.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The problem confronting the research is an analysis of food security and poverty status among household in Ehime Mbano.
1.3 RESEARCH QUESTION
1. What is the nature of food security?
2. What is the challenge of poverty status among household on food security?
3. What is the challenge of poverty on food security in Ehime Mbano?
1.4 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
1. To profer an analysis of food security and poverty status among household
2. To determine food security and poverty status among household in Ehime Mbano
1.5. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study shall project the level of food security and poverty among household with a view to prefer measures to mitigate and eliminate food insecurity and
poverty among households.
1.6. STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES
H0 Poverty level among household in Ehime Mbano is low
H1 Poverty level among household in Ehime Mbano is high
H0 Food security in Ehime Mbano is low
H1 Food security in Ehime Mbano is high
H0 Eect
of poverty on food security in Ehime Mbano is low
H1 Eect
of poverty on food security in Ehime Mbano is high
1.7. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The research is an analysis of food security and poverty status among households in Ehime Mbano
1.8. DEFINITION OF TERMS
FOOD SECURITY
Food security is defined as access by all people at all times to enough food for an active and healthy life. The committee on world food security defined it as
physical and economic access to adequate food by all household members without undue risk of losing the access. However, the definition adopted by the
countries attending the world food summit of 1996, and reconfirmed in 2002, accepts the USAID’S concept which has three key elements viz; food availability,
food access and food utilization
FOOD INSECURITY DEFINED
Food insecurity or lack of access to nutritionally adequate diet in a household or country can take various forms. For example, chronic food insecurity exists
when food supplies are persistently insuicient
to supply adequate nutrient for all individuals. Transitory food insecurity occurs when there is a temporary decline in access to adequate food because of instability in food production, food price increases or income shortfalls.
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