TO GET THE COMPLETE JOURNAL/THESIS FOR TOPIC BELOW,
CALL: 08168759420, 08068231953
WHATSAPP: 08137701720
IMPACT OF OIL SPILL ON LAND AND WATER AND ITS HEALTH IMPLICATIONS IN ODU-GBORO COMMUNITY, SAGAMU, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
This paper examined the impact of oil spill on the physical environment (land, water) of Odu-Gboro community, Sagamu and its health implications. The incessant incidence of oil spill and the impairment of land and water resources and its effects on the people were the problems that informed this study. It identified the major causes of oil spill in the community; the presence of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the environment; it determined the environmental impacts on land and water and it also identified the health implications of oil spill on the residents. Questionnaire, interview, field observation and laboratory analysis of soil and water were used. Primary and secondary sources of data were also applied. The sampling techniques were basically systematic and random sampling for the administration of questionnaire; and purposive for determining the spill site locations and collection of soil and water samples. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested statistically using the students T-test analysis and chi-square analysis. The findings showed that the main cause of oil spill is vandalism; TPH were present at the site with soil samples having the highest value (39.62mg/kg) compared to water (24.66mg/l); the environmental impact determined on land showed significant reduction in the soil heterotrophic microbial population compared to the control area also, significant reduction in soil fertility revealed in the bean seed germination experiment and health implications in the area were significant with regards to diarrhea, dermatitis, nausea, dysentery, conjunctivitis, from medical records. A test of significant difference between water quality affected by oil spill and the control revealed there is a significant difference with regards to pH, EC, COD & BOD. It also revealed that there is no significant difference between soil quality affected by oil spill and the control area. This paper recommends a follow up in the health status of the people who have been consuming the polluted water; post signs around all site identified as contaminated; provision of adequate sources of drinking water for those whose drinking water supply is impacted; application of appropriate and sufficient inorganic NPK fertilizer to restore the carbon to nutrient ratios to the optimum required to stimulate and sustain microbial activity among others.
Keywords: Odu-Gboro, Environmental quality, Oil spill, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon, soil, water