A MULTIMODAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED DAILY TRUST POLITICAL CARTOONS

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A MULTIMODAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED DAILY TRUST POLITICAL CARTOONS

Chapter One:

Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

Political cartoons have long served as a powerful medium for commentary and critique on societal and political issues. They utilize a combination of visual elements and textual components to convey complex ideas, often using satire and humor to engage audiences. In the Nigerian context, political cartoons have become an essential part of the media landscape, offering insights into the socio-political climate and reflecting public sentiment. Among Nigerian newspapers, the Daily Trust stands out for its impactful political cartoons, which frequently address pressing issues in the nation’s political discourse.

This study aims to undertake a multimodal discourse analysis of selected political cartoons from the Daily Trust. By examining the interplay between visual imagery and linguistic elements, the study seeks to uncover the underlying messages, ideologies, and rhetorical strategies employed in these cartoons. The analysis will explore how these multimodal elements work together to influence public opinion and contribute to political dialogue in Nigeria.

Political cartoons have long been a significant form of visual and textual communication, playing a crucial role in the public sphere by offering sharp, often humorous, commentary on political events, social issues, and public figures. Through a combination of imagery and text, political cartoons distill complex issues into accessible, powerful messages that resonate with a broad audience. In the context of Nigeria, a country with a rich and dynamic political landscape, political cartoons serve as a vibrant medium through which public sentiment and critiques of governance are expressed.

The Daily Trust, one of Nigeria’s leading newspapers, is renowned for its incisive political cartoons that tackle a wide array of issues affecting the nation. These cartoons do not merely entertain; they provoke thought, raise awareness, and often challenge the status quo. By merging visual and textual elements, they create a multimodal discourse that conveys layered meanings and perspectives on the socio-political climate.

This study seeks to explore the interplay between visual and textual elements in selected political cartoons from the Daily Trust. Through the lens of multimodal discourse analysis, the research will delve into how these elements work together to construct meaning, influence public opinion, and contribute to the broader political discourse in Nigeria. The analysis will uncover the rhetorical strategies employed by cartoonists and examine the ideological underpinnings of their work, providing insight into the role of political cartoons in shaping and reflecting the nation’s political narrative.

This introduction sets the stage for a deeper investigation into the significance of political cartoons as a form of multimodal communication, highlighting their importance in the Nigerian media landscape and their impact on public discourse. The study will provide a comprehensive analysis of selected cartoons, offering a unique perspective on how visual and textual elements combine to convey powerful political messages.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Political cartoons are a unique form of media that communicate messages through a blend of visual and textual means. Despite their prevalence and importance in shaping public opinion, there has been limited scholarly attention paid to the systematic analysis of these cartoons, particularly within the Nigerian context. Most studies on political communication have focused on traditional forms of media, such as news articles and editorials, with little emphasis on the nuanced and often subtle ways in which political cartoons convey meaning.

This gap in research raises several questions: How do political cartoons in the Daily Trust use multimodal resources to construct political commentary? What are the dominant themes and ideologies presented in these cartoons? How do the visual and textual elements interact to create meaning? This study addresses these questions by applying a multimodal discourse analysis framework to a selection of Daily Trust political cartoons.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The primary objectives of this study are:

To identify and analyze the visual and textual elements used in selected Daily Trust political cartoons.

To examine the interaction between visual imagery and text in constructing meaning within these cartoons.

To explore the dominant themes and ideologies reflected in the selected cartoons.

To understand the role of these cartoons in shaping political discourse and public opinion in Nigeria.

1.4 Research Questions

The study will be guided by the following research questions:

What are the key visual and textual elements used in the selected Daily Trust political cartoons?

How do these elements interact to convey political messages and ideologies?

What themes and ideologies are most commonly depicted in these cartoons?

In what ways do the political cartoons influence public perception and political discourse in Nigeria?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study contributes to the field of media studies and political communication by offering a detailed analysis of political cartoons, a relatively under-explored medium. By focusing on the Daily Trust, one of Nigeria’s leading newspapers, the study provides insights into the role of political cartoons in reflecting and shaping societal attitudes and political debates. The findings will be valuable for scholars, media practitioners, and policymakers interested in understanding the impact of visual media on public discourse.

Furthermore, this research will enrich the existing literature on multimodal discourse analysis by applying it to a non-traditional form of communication. The study’s interdisciplinary approach, combining insights from linguistics, media studies, and political science, will offer a comprehensive understanding of how meaning is constructed and communicated through political cartoons.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study will focus on a selection of political cartoons published in the Daily Trust between 2020 and 2023. This period is chosen due to its significance in Nigerian politics, marked by major events such as elections, policy changes, and socio-political challenges. The cartoons will be analyzed using a multimodal discourse analysis framework, which considers both visual and textual elements. The study will not cover cartoons from other newspapers or media outlets, nor will it include non-political cartoons or those published outside the specified timeframe.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Multimodal Discourse Analysis: A methodological approach that examines how different modes of communication (e.g., visual, verbal) interact to create meaning.

Political Cartoons: Illustrative works, typically humorous or satirical, that comment on political events, figures, or issues.

Daily Trust: A Nigerian newspaper known for its comprehensive coverage of national and international news, including political commentary through cartoons.

Ideology: A system of ideas, beliefs, or values that informs and shapes political opinions and actions.

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