A STUDY OF IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON THE ROLE OF PHARMACY TECHNICIAN IN NIGERIA

IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON THE ROLE OF PHARMACY TECHNICIAN IN NIGERIA

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IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON THE ROLE OF PHARMACY TECHNICIAN IN NIGERIA

CHAPTER ONE:

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

The role of pharmacy technicians in Nigeria has evolved significantly due to advancements in technology, transforming traditional pharmaceutical practices into more efficient, accurate, and patient-centered services 9. Historically, pharmacy technicians were primarily involved in manual tasks such as dispensing medications and managing paper-based records. However, the integration of digital tools—such as **Electronic Health Records (EHRs), Pharmacy Management Systems (PMS), and telepharmacy—has expanded their responsibilities, enabling them to contribute more effectively to medication safety, inventory control, and patient counseling.

Globally, technology has redefined pharmacy practice, with automation and artificial intelligence (AI) reducing medication errors and improving workflow efficiency. In Nigeria, the adoption of these technologies remains uneven, with urban pharmacies more likely to utilize digital systems compared to rural settings where infrastructure challenges persist. Despite these disparities, emerging trends such as mobile health applications and blockchain-based drug tracking suggest a growing impact of technology on pharmacy operations.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

While technology offers transformative potential for pharmacy technicians in Nigeria, its adoption faces significant barriers, including:

Limited digital infrastructure, particularly in rural areas, hindering the implementation of EHRs and automated dispensing systems.

Insufficient training on new technologies, leaving many technicians unprepared to leverage digital tools effectively .

Resistance to change among some practitioners who prefer traditional methods over tech-driven processes.

These challenges contribute to inefficiencies in medication management, increased risk of errors, and suboptimal patient care. This study seeks to evaluate how technology is reshaping the role of pharmacy technicians in Nigeria and identify strategies to maximize its benefits.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The study aims to:

Examine the extent of technology adoption among pharmacy technicians in Nigeria.

Assess the impact of digital tools (e.g., EHRs, PMS, telepharmacy) on their workflow and patient care.

Identify barriers to technology integration and propose solutions for improved implementation.

1.4 Research Questions

What technologies are most commonly used by pharmacy technicians in Nigeria?

How has technology improved efficiency, accuracy, and patient safety in pharmaceutical services?

What challenges hinder the full adoption of technology in Nigerian pharmacy practice?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

H₁: Pharmacy technicians using digital tools report higher efficiency and fewer medication errors than those relying on manual processes.

H₂: Technicians in urban settings have greater access to and proficiency in technology compared to those in rural areas 49.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This research is relevant to:

Pharmacy Technicians: Highlights skill gaps and training needs for tech-driven roles.

Healthcare Policymakers: Guides investments in digital infrastructure and regulatory frameworks.

Patients: Improves medication safety and access to pharmaceutical care through optimized technology use.

1.7 Scope of the Study

The study focuses on licensed pharmacy technicians in Nigeria, assessing technology adoption in hospital, community, and retail pharmacy settings between 2020–2025. Key technologies analyzed include:

Electronic prescribing systems

Automated dispensing machines

Mobile health apps for medication adherence.

1.8 Operational Definition of Terms

Pharmacy Technician: A healthcare professional assisting pharmacists in dispensing and managing medications.

Technology in Pharmacy: Digital tools (e.g., EHRs, robotics, telepharmacy) enhancing pharmaceutical services.

Medication Therapy Management (MTM): Patient-centered services optimizing drug therapy outcomes.

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