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ARCHITECTURE PROJECT TOPICS AND MATERIALS
Sustainable Architecture
1. Design of Zero-Energy Residential Buildings.
2. Integration of Green Roofs in Urban Architecture.
3. Sustainable Housing for Low-Income Communities.
4. Use of Recycled Materials in Building Design.
5. Passive Cooling Techniques in Tropical Architecture.
6. Design Strategies for Net-Zero Carbon Buildings.
7. Rainwater Harvesting Systems in Residential Architecture.
8. Exploring Vertical Gardening in High-Rise Structures.
9. Biophilic Design for Enhancing Mental Well-being in Urban Spaces.
10. Designing Self-Sustaining Eco-Villages.
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Urban Design and Planning
11. Urban Renewal Strategies for Degraded Urban Neighborhoods.
12. Walkable Cities: Designing Pedestrian-Friendly Urban Areas.
13. Urban Design Solutions for Reducing Traffic Congestion.
14. Revitalization of Public Spaces in Densely Populated Cities.
15. Smart City Planning Using Sustainable Architectural Practices.
16. Mixed-Use Development for Sustainable Urban Growth.
17. Urban Architecture for Mitigating Urban Heat Island Effect.
18. Adaptive Reuse of Old Industrial Buildings.
19. Redevelopment of Urban Waterfronts for Public Use.
20. Designing Sustainable Transit-Oriented Developments (TODs).
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Residential Architecture
21. Modular Housing Solutions for Affordable Living.
22. Smart Home Design Integrating IoT Technology.
23. Multi-Family Housing with Shared Open Spaces.
24. Compact Housing Design for High-Density Cities.
25. Low-Cost Housing Design for Rural Areas.
26. Energy-Efficient Villas with Passive Solar Techniques.
27. Residential Designs for Disaster-Prone Areas.
28. Floating Homes: An Architectural Response to Rising Sea Levels.
29. Designing for Universal Accessibility in Residential Projects.
30. Co-Living Spaces for Young Professionals in Urban Areas.
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Cultural and Religious Architecture
31. Modernizing Traditional Mosque Designs.
32. Redesign of Heritage Sites for Contemporary Use.
33. Cultural Centers for Promoting Local Art and History.
34. Revitalizing Indigenous Building Techniques in Modern Architecture.
35. Designing Temples with Modern Aesthetic Elements.
36. Fusion of Contemporary and Traditional Design in Religious Buildings.
37. Architectural Interpretation of Local History in Community Centers.
38. Museum Design for Digital and Physical Art Displays.
39. Integration of Spiritual Landscapes in Religious Architecture.
40. Designing Amphitheaters for Cultural Preservation.
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Educational Facilities
41. Designing Flexible Learning Spaces for Modern Schools.
42. Architecture for STEM Learning Environments.
43. University Campus Design for Sustainable Growth.
44. Libraries as Community Hubs: Architectural Perspectives.
45. Open-Concept Classrooms for Collaborative Learning.
46. Incorporating Renewable Energy Solutions in Educational Facilities.
47. Child-Friendly School Designs with Nature Integration.
48. Vocational Training Centers for Rural Communities.
49. Architecture for Inclusive Education: Designing for Disabilities.
50. Smart Campus Designs for the Future of Learning.
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Healthcare and Wellness Architecture
51. Designing Green Hospitals for Patient Recovery.
52. Architecture for Mental Health Facilities.
53. Wellness Centers with a Focus on Biophilic Design.
54. Sustainable Design for Rural Health Clinics.
55. Urban Clinics with Efficient Space Planning.
56. Senior Living Homes with Universal Design Principles.
57. Innovative Designs for Quarantine and Isolation Facilities.
58. Architecture for Rehabilitation Centers.
59. Pediatric Hospital Design with Family-Centered Approaches.
60. Therapeutic Landscapes in Hospital Architecture.
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Commercial and Office Spaces
61. Co-Working Spaces: Designing for Flexibility and Collaboration.
62. Sustainable Office Towers for Urban Environments.
63. Adaptive Reuse of Commercial Buildings for Modern Businesses.
64. Shopping Mall Designs with Natural Ventilation Systems.
65. Smart Office Buildings with Automated Systems.
66. Small Business Incubator Spaces in Urban Centers.
67. Biophilic Design in Corporate Offices for Improved Productivity.
68. Vertical Integration of Retail and Office Spaces.
69. High-Rise Office Buildings with Energy-Efficient Façades.
70. Mixed-Use Developments Combining Work and Leisure Spaces.
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Hospitality Architecture
71. Designing Eco-Friendly Resorts for Coastal Areas.
72. Boutique Hotels with Local Cultural Influences.
73. Glamping Architecture: Luxury Tents and Outdoor Experiences.
74. Floating Hotels for Waterfront Locations.
75. Redesigning Hostels for Backpackers with Modular Concepts.
76. Integration of Renewable Energy in Hotel Designs.
77. Space Planning for Urban Boutique Hotels.
78. Sustainable Architecture for Safari Lodges.
79. Transit Hotels for Airports and Major Transportation Hubs.
80. Desert Hotels: Designing for Extreme Climates.
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Recreational and Sports Architecture
81. Designing Multi-Purpose Stadiums for Urban Areas.
82. Indoor Sports Complexes with Energy-Efficient Designs.
83. Skate Parks and Urban Playgrounds for Youth Engagement.
84. Architectural Design for Aquatic Centers.
85. Adventure Parks: Blending Nature with Recreational Spaces.
86. Urban Parks with Integrated Fitness Facilities.
87. Designing Sports Academies with Eco-Friendly Features.
88. Community Sports Centers for Rural Areas.
89. Outdoor Theaters for Urban Recreation.
90. Compact Stadium Designs for Small Cities.
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Innovative and Experimental Architecture
91. Floating Cities as Solutions for Overpopulation.
92. 3D-Printed Housing for Rapid Urban Development.
93. Self-Sustaining Vertical Farms in Urban Areas.
94. Kinetic Façade Design for Responsive Architecture.
95. Prefabricated Building Systems for Disaster Relief Housing.
96. Parametric Design Techniques for Urban Skyscrapers.
97. Space Architecture: Designing Habitats for Mars Missions.
98. Integration of Augmented Reality in Architectural Visualization.
99. Research on Responsive Smart Materials in Building Envelopes.
100. Biomimicry in Architecture: Nature-Inspired Design Solutions.
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
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ENHANCING FIRE SAFETY IN HOSTEL DESIGNS
ABSTRACT
Housing is one of the basic human needs, apart from food and clothing. The increasing number of postgraduate students in tertiary institutions, Nnamdi Azikiwe University in particular, has raised accommodation problems. Establishment of off-campus private hostels was initially perceived as a solution but property owners have taken advantage of the high demand to increase rents. Students and parents are reeling under this financial burden. This has equally become a University management concern. Subsequently, the current trend of fire in hostel buildings has become a concern in our society today. There has been a lot of incidence of fire in hostels, where student has lost their lives and valuable properties. These issues need to be reconciled with the building codes, fire safety design and cost constraints of the project. Consequently, this dissertation tends to identify the problems and attitudes associated with fire in hostel buildings and proffer solution through design approach that will help to prevent ignition of fire, limit spread, minimize damage and maximize life safety of the occupants and for the firefighters.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
THE NEED FOR A DISASTER MANAGEMENT CENTRE
Disaster means a progressive or sudden, widespread or localised, natural or human caused occurrence which causes or threatens to cause; Death, injury or disease, Damage to property, infrastructure or the environment, Disruption of the life of a community; and is of the magnitude that exceeds the ability of those affected by the disaster to cope with its effect using only their own resources. A disaster management centre is needed to:
To implement an integrated and coordinate disaster management policy that focuses on preventing or reducing the risk disasters, mitigating the severity of disasters, emergency preparedness, rapid and effective response to disasters and post disaster recovery.
To prepare the document that will identify risks, assess risks, risk response development and risk response control.
The purpose of centre is to outline policy and procedures for both proactive disaster prevention and the re-active disaster response and mitigation phases.
The disaster management centre functions are as follows:
Must specialise in issues concerning disasters within Rivers State.
Act as a repository and conduit for information concerning disasters.
Must perform it functions and exercise powers as stipulated section 44 of the Disaster Management Act, 57 of 2012.
Must liaise and co-ordinate its activities with those of National, State Management centres.
1.2 STATEMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL PROBLEMS
Architecture is an abstraction from nature and intuition with possibilities of aesthetic accompaniments for overall ambient satisfaction (Fashuyi, 2014). Nevertheless, this ideological perception must graft with sensitive issues bordering on culture, economy before Architecture can become acceptable in its right values. However, Architectural Education in Nigeria as presently structured is not responsive to her socio-economic environment. In fact, it is more suited to problems of urban environment of prosperous economies having nothing in common with the cultural and economic features of the country (Adesina, 2017). Architectural Education in Nigeria was inherited from the Beaux-Art concept of Western educational philosophy through the colonial mentors. This tendency is to provide aesthetically satisfying buildings, irrespective of function.
The design of the Disaster Management Centre will take into cognisance proper functional relationship between each section of the building to another; the site is located at an area that can be easily accessible from various parts of the state, helicopters are also available to ease rescue in parts of the states that cannot be easily assessable by land, the structure is responsive to the socio-economic environment in the state, the structure is aesthetically satisfying, the structure conforms to the building codes and zoning.
Therefore architectural problems of the Disaster Management Centre Are as follows:
The integration of architectural purpose, site, suitable spaces, technical systems and materials.
Inadequate ventilation and natural lightening
Primary and secondary circulation in and around the site.
1.3 MOTIVATION
Disaster Management is an enormous task. Disasters are not confined to any particular location; neither do they disappear as quickly as they appear. Therefore, it is imperative that there is proper management to optimize efficiency of planning and response. Due to limited resources, collaborative efforts at the governmental, private and community levels are necessary. This level of collaboration requires a coordinated and organized effort to mitigate against, prepare for, respond to, and recover from emergencies and their effects in the shortest possible time.
The motivation of this project steams from:
The absolute necessity for such a project: Over the years, lives have been lost in natural and man-made disaster primarily due to absence of a disaster management centre or slow response of rescue team.
The wealth of knowledge, which the project adds to existing information on architectural building types.
The sense of comfort and security inspired by the project, being from the riverine area in the Niger Delta region where the terrain is difficult and inter-city transport is mostly done by boat, the potential for boat mishaps is rather high.
To reduce subsequent insurance claims and compensation on government and insurance companies.
The passion to create an avenue that will aid for relief to all disaster victims.
To create awareness for the need of disaster management.
1.4 AIMS
i. To provide a facility that will improve response to disasters for an initial period after which other sources would assist.
ii. To reduce confusion on the part of all personnel concern in disasters.
iii. To enhance the role of rapid deployment of its personnel in response to emergency
iv. Preventing or reducing the risk of disasters and mitigating the severity or consequences of disasters
v. A rapid and effective response to disasters and post- disaster recovery and rehabilitation.
vi. To ensure the survival of the maximum possible number of victims, keeping them in the best possible health in the circumstances.
vii. To re-establish self-sufficiency and essential services as quickly as possible for all population groups, with special attention to those whose needs are greatest: the most vulnerable and underprivileged.
viii. To repair or replace damaged infrastructure and regenerate viable economic activities. To do this in a manner that contributes to long-term development goals and reduces vulnerability to any future recurrence of potentially damaging hazards.
In cases involving population displacements (due to any type of disaster) the aim is to find durable solutions as quickly as possible, while ensuring protection and assistance as necessary in the meantime.
1.5 OBJECTIVES
To create a building for imparting training in disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, relief and rehabilitation and also to undertake research studies, documentation and development of database.
Organize state and regional level conferences/workshops in disaster management and related subjects.
To develop and encourage NGO’s network in the state to manage disasters in the state.
To reduce or avoid the human, physical, and economic losses suffered by individuals, by the society, and by the country at large.
To reduce personal suffering and to speed recovery.
1.6 SCOPE OF PROJECT:
This project provides, to a satisfactory level, all the facilities that are needed in the disaster management centre for optimum performance to manage disaster. There are provisions for effective control, relief and rescue of disasters by mitigating, preparedness, response and recovery.
The scope of the project is limited to the following;
The design of the Administrative building
The clinic
A staff residential building
Hanger for helicopter
1.6.1 THE SITE:
This project involves the design of a Centre that aids for Disaster Management, thus, due to the amphibiotic nature of its function, the facility would require a site that enhances the marine and land base operation, and hence, it is located within the southern section of Port Harcourt. It can also be accessible through various pedestrian routes emanating from the neighbouring residential zones. This will be dutifully respected in the cause of designing.
The site is in close proximity to the State secretariat, the Nigerian marine base, Trans Amadi Industrial Layout, Orobum Vimmage (now called Obunabali). Ogbunabali bound the site on the East, the far North by Trans Amadi Industrial Layout, to the West by the Amadi flat and old GRA Residential Quarters and the South by Marine Base.
The exterior element in the site include Parking lots,Sign post,Main building,Clinic,Heliport,Staff Accommodation,Power plant.
1.6.2 THE MAIN BUILDING: The sections in the Disaster Management Centre include:
Administrative unit
Control unit
Training unit
Maintenance unit
The Aviation operation
The Marine operation
The land operation
Finance unit
Relief and rehabilitation unit
Ware house
Conference hall
Search and rescues unit.
The Administrative unit:
This is the first point of call as one gets into the building, this department is responsible for all staff matters, appointments, records of service, welfare of officers, employment etc. This section is responsible for personnel functions and employee services, Personnel functions cover tracking staff and disaster deployments, obtaining local hires, arranging billeting, and processing payroll while Employee services include providing for personnel health and safety, overseeing access to medical services, and ensuring security of personnel, facilities, and assets.
Control Unit:
This is one of the most important units in the centre, it takes care of all emergency calls and make sure they are transmitted as clearly and as fast as possible to the squad responsible for that particular disaster. The unit will have communication gadgets such as pager systems, walking talkie, phones, radars, satellites, reception systems global positioning system (G.P.S), to guide the development of a comprehensive information and communication system and establish integrated communication links with all disaster risk management role players.
This unit has two major tasks: the collection, processing, analysis, and dissemination of information about disaster operations to support planning and decision making in the field and at the headquarters’ levels; and the coordination of short- and long-term planning in the field.
The Training unit:
This unit will be responsible for the training of the rescue squads and will feature necessary fitness facilities. It is also a unit that aids to promote a culture of risk avoidance among people by capacitating role players through integrated education, training and public awareness programmes informed by scientific research.
The department of training develops the curriculum and coordinate the human resources development of the agency in addition to catering for the training needs of the staff on modern skills which qualify them to be good disaster managers as obtain in other part of the world.
The Maintenance Unit:
This unit takes care of all repairs and daily/weekly check of all the vehicles used for search and rescue operations. The automobile workshop, electrical workshop, vulcanizing workshop, tailor workshop, spare parts store etc. are all part of the maintenance department.
The Aviation Operations:
This section takes care of disasters not easily assessable by land; it involves the use of helicopters necessary for rapid response to disasters that occurred in difficult or far terrain.
The Marine Operations:
This unit takes care of offshore disasters such as boat mishap.
The Land Operations:
This unit will take care of out-breaks and other land accidents where necessary. It will involve provision of parking lots for ambulances; fire fighting vehicles, motor bikes, personnel carries etc.
The Finance Unit:
This section plans, organizes, and directs logistics operations that include control and accountability for supplies and equipment; resource ordering; delivery of supplies, equipment, resource tracking, facility location, setup, space management, building services, general facility operations, Transport coordination and fleet management services, and salary of staff.
The Relief and Rehabilitation Unit:
This unit provides leadership to build, sustain, and improve the coordination and delivery of support and relief to citizens and State, local, tribal and territorial governments to save lives, reduce suffering, protect property and recover from all hazards. These units also receive the materials for relief and properly distribute it to affected people.
1.6.3 THE CLINIC:
Time is a crucial element in Disaster Management. In recognition of this, the agency will have a clinic that will aid in first aid treatment of victims, and also, there will be ambulances that will convey seriously injured people to bigger hospitals and also convey the dead to the mortuary.
THE STAFF ACCOMMODATION:
Accommodation will be provided for resident staff of the organization and also for resident doctors that will handle the clinic and all medical affairs.
1.7 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION
The project is located within the southern section of Port Harcourt. The site is in close proximity to the State secretariat, the Nigerian marine base, Trans Amadi Industrial Layout; Orobum Vimmage (now called Obunabali). Ogbunabali bound the site on the East, the far North by Trans Amadi Industrial Layout, to the West by the Amadi flat and old GRA Residential Quarters and the South by Marine Base.
This site was chosen for the following reasons:
It can be assessable through the Eastern bypass road and various pedestrian routes emanating from the neighbouring residential zones
No existing facility defined for this purpose within the area.
The area is very busy and prone to disasters like accidents.
The site can be assessable from land and water.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Disaster: this is an event, natural or man-made, sudden or progressive, which impacts with such severity that the affected community or individual has to respond by taking exceptional measures.
Disaster management: is the systematic observation and analysis of disasters to improve measures relating to prevention, mitigation, preparedness, emergency response and recovery.
Disaster management centre: this will serve as a centre for the operational squad and aid for investigation, assistance and relief of people affected with disasters.
Risk: is the relative degree of probability that a hazardous event will occur. An active fault zone, for example, would be an area of high risk.
Mitigation: is action taken to reduce both human suffering and property loss resulting from extreme natural phenomena. Measures include land use planning, improved disaster-resistant building techniques, and better agricultural practices.
Preparedness: encompasses those actions taken to limit the impact of natural phenomena by structuring response and establishing a mechanism for effecting a quick and orderly reaction. Preparedness activities could include pre-positioning supplies and equipment; developing emergency action plans, manuals, and procedures; developing warning, evacuation, and sheltering plans; strengthening or otherwise protecting critical facilities; etc
Disaster Prevention: this is action taken to eliminate or avoid harmful natural phenomena and their effects. Examples of prevention include cloud seeding to control meteorological patterns, pest control to prevent locust swarms, erection of dams or levees to prevent flooding, etc.
Intervention: this refers to an action taken in order to change the course of events. In disaster management the term’s use is similar to the medical sense, i.e., disaster response initiated from outside the affected community is a form of intervention and, as such, must be handled with care because it does come from without. It therefore always runs the risk of being more disruptive than productive.
Pre-disaster planning: this is the process of preparing, in advance, to meet a future disaster. Pre-disaster planning consists of disaster prevention, mitigation, and preparedness.
Vulnerability: this is a condition wherein human settlements, buildings, agriculture, or human health are exposed to a disaster by virtue of their construction or proximity to hazardous terrain.
Maintenance: refers to the services that are provided to refugees during the period after the emergency but before a permanent solution to their plight is developed. Maintenance operations may include tracing and family reunification, general care and food distribution, a variety of social services such as education and cultural activities, and efforts to help the people to become as self-sufficient as possible under the circumstances.
Evaluation occurs as a refugee operation ends or as a new phase begins. Evaluation should be carried out by every manager and key members of the staff. The results and lessons learned should become the basis for further emergency preparedness activities.
Durable (Permanent) Solution is the term used to describe collectively the three long-term solutions that resolve a refugee situation-voluntary repatriation, assimilation, and resettlement to a third country. In this phase, any number of activities can take place including transportation of the refugees, legal assistance, and provision of financial and material aid to the refugees to help them start their new lives. If the solution is repatriation or assimilation, the Patterns of assistance often resemble reconstruction and development assistance given to the victims of natural disasters.
Essential goods and services: this means those products, items, expertise or manufacturers, which are considered of importance or are indispensable when responding to a disaster.
Hazard: means threats to life, well-being, material goods or the environment.
Head of centre: means the person appointed in terms of either section 45 of the Act.
Local disaster: means a disaster classified as a local disaster in terms of section 23.
Primary role means that function for which a specific identified role player is best equipped and qualified to perform.
Recovery means decisions and actions taken after a disaster with a view to restoring or improving the pre-disaster living conditions of the stricken community, while encouraging and facilitating necessary adjustments to reduce disaster risk.
Relief means the provision of assistance or intervention during or immediately after a disaster in order bring relief to people and communities affected by a disaster.
Risk reduction means measures taken to reduce long-term risks associated with human activity or natural events.
Role player means an individual or group in society that can contribute meaningfully to the implementation of disaster management.
Secondary role means an additional function that is performed by an identified role player in support of a primary role player.
Emergency: “Is a situation generated by the real or imminent occurrence of an event that requires immediate attention” (key words). Paying immediate attention to an event or situation as described above is important as the event/situation can generate negative consequences and escalate into an emergency. The purpose of planning is to minimize those consequences.
Assistance: to help support affected persons with relief materials and make sure it is properly distributed amongst the people.
1.9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The research process for this project was tedious as it was interesting. The research methods used in this project is a descriptive research that employs survey or observational research method. Typically, the following methods where used for the research:
The use of the library Site visits
Books and foreign data review
Case studies
Interview and questionnaires
Consultation with my supervisor.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EVALUATION OF GOVERNOR’S LODGE
ABSTRACT
This work is on evaluation of Governor’s lodge in Enugu state. The work intends to carryout evaluation on the toilet and bathroom, parking space and landscaping of the governor’s lodge surrounding. In the process it was found out that the lodge was not in good condition. Hence the need to put the evaluated places in good shape was possible. Areas evaluated were the toilet and bathroom, the parking space and the landscape of the lodge. Conclusion was drawn that continuous evaluate will put the governor’s in good condition all times. Therefore, it was recommended that the state government should always carryout evaluation on the lodge and its facilities in period of interval so as to give the lodge new look always.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Lodge is originally a term for a relatively small building, often associated with a larger one. A lodge could be seen as a guesthouse where guests or visitors could be given accommodation. Lodge is a type of hotel-like were lodging activities are done. It may include bar, restaurant, recreational facilities and so on. In every nation or state the president or governor and some of his subordinates do performs their official duties in the government house. Government house may be seen as a place where the governor and some of the subordinate have their offices. It serves as the venue for the Governor’s official business, as well as the many receptions and functions hosted by the occupant. One of the infrastructures in government house is the governor’s lodge (Robert, 2013). A lodge may offer only the most basic guest services and facilities. Also, it may provide additional guest facilities such as a swimming pool, business centre (with computers, printers and other office equipment), conference and event facilities, tennis and/or basketball courts, gymnasium, restaurants and social function services. Governor’s lodge facility offers luxury amenities, service accommodations, on-site restaurant (s) and the highest level of personalized service, such as a concierge, room service and clothes pressing staff (Jack, 2013).
Governor’s lodge is a kind of guesthouse usually located in the Government House. The lodge is used for hosting visitors such as foreign counter part from other countries that came for business purposes or other social-economic activities, fellow state governors, and others that came for official purposes. When there are official meetings that will extend for days are being held in government house, the governor would host his visitors in the lodge. Therefore, it becomes necessary for the facilities in the lodge to be in good condition because the people that are the guests of the governor are usually people of political hierarchy and personnel. However, in a situation where the facilities in the lodge are not properly working or they are not properly designed to standard it will not be convenient for these people (William, 2013). Therefore, it becomes necessary to know that all facilities are in good condition and are properly designed. In view of the above the researcher has keen interest in carrying out an evaluation of governor’s lodge in Enugu state, Nigeria with reference to facilities like the toilet and bathroom, parking space and the landscaping.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Governor’s lodge is subjected to renovation or maintenance at particular interval, sometime innovation. The condition of the toilet and bathroom, car park and landscaping in the Governor’s lodge in Enugu state is not encouraging. Agent attention must be taken to correct the lapses at the lodge. Especially the facilities mentioned above. This project intends to solve the problems of inconvenience toilet and bathroom, inadequate space for car park and improper landscaping.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of this project is to present an evaluation of governor’s lodge in Enugu state, Nigeria. Therefore, the specific objectives are to evaluate the follow;
1. The toilet and bathroom in governor’s lodge in Enugu state
2. The parking space in governor’s lodge in Enugu state
3. Landscaping of the surrounding in governor’s lodge in Enugu state
4. To improve the present design in governor’s lodge in Enugu state
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
1. How would the toilet and bathroom in governor’s lodge in Enugu state be evaluated?
2. How would the parking space in governor’s lodge in Enugu state be evaluated?
3. How is the Landscaping of the surrounding in governor’s lodge in Enugu state?
4. How would the present design in governor’s lodge in Enugu state be improved?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The importance of this project cannot be overemphasized. This is because the evaluation process in Governor’s lodge of Enugu state will help to correct several facilities such as the toilet and bathroom, car park and landscaping.
1.6 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The project is focused on the evaluation of Governor’s lodge in Enugu state. The scope of the evaluation process will be limited to toilet and bathroom facilities, car park and landscaping.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
During the period of the project the researcher encountered some difficulties which serve as limitation to the study. These include time frame, lack of cooperation from respondents to be interviewed concerning the subject matter and finance.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EVALUATION OF HABITABILITY FACTORS OF WET SPACES AT QUEENS LODGE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
In most of the world the term wet space has gone viral. However wet space is also used predominantly when it comes to architectural analysis. (Wikipedia free encyclopedia, 03/09/2015) Wet space usually refers to rooms or spaces containing sanitary fixtures and appliances- including bathrooms and en suites, toilets, laundries and kitchen. It has dated way back since people started building modern house. Wet spaces are subjected to high level of; direct wetting, high humidity levels, condensation etc. (Wikipedia free encyclopedia, 03/09/2015).
Wet spaces are designed in order not to increase the risk of slip and other safety hazards, and are to be made accessible and comfortable for the occupant. It must be designed to meet statutory requirements, including the requirements of building code clause E3 internal moisture, which aims to safeguard building users against illness, injury and loss of amenity and to protect the rest of the building from water damage. (Wikipedia free encyclopedia, 03/09/2015). With good design, detailing and installation of waterproof membranes and impervious finishes to manage the moisture generated, wet areas can be durable, healthy, safe and comfortable, and should not result in damage to the building structure, surface finishes and fixtures. (Wikipedia free encyclopedia, 03/09/2015).
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The statement of problem is such that the project can take care of the following: Provision of functional and habitable wet space for Queen`s hostel Oko; Through the wet space evaluation, it will increase the standard of hostel in Oko and Reduce the high level of ill health caused by bad wet space design.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study is the evaluation of wet space at Queen`s hostel Oko.
Provision of a functional and habitable wet space at Queen`s hostel Oko.
Reduction of high level of ill health caused by bad wet space design.
To increase the standard of hostels in Oko.
To arrest the existing wet space problem at Queen`s hostel Oko.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Is the location of the wet spaces at Queen`s hostel appropriate?
Is the space allotted for the wet spaces adequate?
Is there any need for a new design of the wet spaces at Queen`s hostel?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The project will benefit the students at the Queen`s hostel.
1.6 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope covered only the students that stay at the Queen`s hostel.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
Inadequate co-operation from some of the respondent. The problem is solved by what is called (focus group) which is referred to as a scientific research method.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
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(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
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BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
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PAINT PROCESSING FACTORY: A CASE STUDY OF BERGER PAINT NIGERIA LIMITED, MAKURDI BENUE STATE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Paint Factory or plant is an industrial site, usually consisting of buildings and machinery, or more commonly a complex having several buildings, where workers process raw materials into paint. Factories arose with the introduction of machinery during the industrial revolution when the capital and space requirements became too great for cottage industry and workshops. Paint is a subdivision of surface coating. It is a relatively opaque solid coating applied as thin layer whose films are usually formed by polymerization of polyunsaturated oil. However, other subdivisions of surface coating include: varnishes (clear coating), enamels (pigmented varnishes), lacquers (film formed by evaporation only), printing inks and polishes. Paints generally have very low thermal conductivity, electrically inert and can be washed and cleaned. The various raw materials for making paints include pigments, vehicle, alkyd resins, surfactants, solvents (thinners) and colouring matters.
PAINTS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO TWO PRINCIPAL TYPES:
Resin based paints (Gloss finishes) and Latex based paints (Emulsion paints). The major difference between the two is only in the types of vehicle used and cost.
.Resin based paints are used for exterior and interior surfaces and are dry to a lustrous or shinny finish.
.Emulsion (Latex) paint involves the emulsion of 2-phases one of which is water and any other phase.
Classically, emulsion is a suspension of one phase in another. Latex paints have as their major film forming constituent synthetic resin latex with or without other film forming constituents added in an oil-water emulsion type system. The continuous phase consists of an alkali – dispersed hydropholic colloid in water and contains two more different types of particles in suspension, styrene –butadeux (SBR) copolymer which was the original quality film former in emulsion paint. Polyvinyl acetate (PVA), acrylic and PVA acrylics copolymers have largely replaced SBR as film former.
From these, resins and latex are made objects with a wide range of colours and texture found in household wares, building materials, electrical and electronic appliances, automobile and aeronautics, clothing, building structures etc. in short it s difficult to imagine contemporary society without painting (colours). Paints are the material employed as finishing for other materials. They are used to protect metals, timber and plastered surface from the effect of weather, heat, moisture, gases etc., thereby improving their appearance. Paints are classified into oil, water and cement and bituminom paints. There are also special paints used for special purpose e.g. heat resisting, fire proofing, chlorinated rubber paint etc. Paint factory is regarded as an important or essential industry in many country because of it effect and function in the environment. Finally, this project (paint factory) will help in improving on the face lift of Makurdi as the capital of Benue State as well as the job opportunities which our teeming youths desire.
1.2 STATEMENT OF ARCHITECTURAL PROBLEM
In an industrial building of this nature, it is impossible to solve all architectural problems involved. However, every building has a general architectural problem that has to be solved towards the realization of the design. But, there are some specific problems that are unique to individual projects, for example a paint factory. Subsequently, the core problem this project seek to solve is centered on its purpose; a compromise between man and machine. And this involves a careful flow in the synthesis of: efficient work flow, making a statement to the society reflecting the mass production nature of the paint factory, advertising the paint products to the society as well as creating a welcome impact, expressing orderliness and aesthetic appeal, creating openness in plant to give an impression of attractive working conditions, efficient production and painstaking devotion to the excellence of paint products.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The principal objective of this project is to provide an environment capable of meeting the needs of the people of Makurdi and Nigeria as a whole by providing them with a well defined paint factory which is ultra-modern and which will meet their several needs in terms of seeking a solution for good appearance and packaging of good products.
Other objectives include:
i. To create versatile, adaptable and flexible form for easy expansion with minimum damage.
ii. To provide a good production layout with no conflict between raw and finished goods and personnel in circulation.
iii. To create an ideal factory architecture and to introduce a level of automation in the proposed paint factory in Nigeria.
iv. Finally, to help in the state and Federal Government Programme in rural development and this could be achieved through industrial development.
1.4 MOTIVATION
Establishing a house or a commercial space does not stop at having the edifice erected on a piece of land. This is since you have to make sure that your structure preserves its excellent condition so that you can enjoy your investment for a long time. There are many industrial methods that you can do to keep your home or your workspace in good condition, but one of the most effective steps that you should take is to have your walls re-applied with the right paint. For decades now, net and sprays have been the only effective methods for controlling the mosquitoes that causes malaria and dengue. I think by introducing the factory, it will lay more emphasize on protection by inventing a way of embedding pesticide in microcapsule stirred into house paints. And this insecticide will be realized slowly from the paint and will remain effective for two to four years, while spray will be typically re-applied at least every 6 months. The paint will act like a vaccine for houses and buildings.
The introduction or provision of paint factory in Makurdi will help to increase the effectiveness of other producing industries around e.g.
Most industries producing steel and aluminum building cladding.
For yatch, small boats and craft, fishing fleets manufacturers.
For all furniture and plywood industries
For most petrochemical plants-protective coating
For all kinds of vessels that visit Nigeria port.
For manufacturers of refrigeration, bicycles, other household articles, drums and industrial components –powder paints. For building industries etc Therefore, one should realize that this material is utilized in many industries and that such service industry should be established for the propagation of other. Finally, I intend to increase the awareness of this service industry in Nigeria, and s that’whatprompted my motivation towards proposing this project.
1.5 AIMS
The ultimate aim of this project is to create, functional, simple, pleasing, economical, orderly, flexible, safe and convenient industrial building –paint factory and to satisfy the key words of the aims, the following are inevitable:
i. To achieve an effective and efficient design for a factory with a serious view to flexibility, adaptability and versatility of the building structures. Therefore, the aim is to realize a purely functional planning with a specific purpose of smooth and maximum efficient working of the different machineries, the administration of the complex and the overall production.
ii. To create a system that will allow personnel; operational and administrative to enjoy efficient and pleasant working environment.
iii. To provide efficient circulation system between the individual units of the factory and within the layout as a whole thereby facilitating easy movement and assemblage of raw materials and distribution of finished products.
iv. To enhance the psychology of workers towards efficiency by creating an aesthetical industrial architecture.
v. To reflect the use to which the factory is to be put into which will be in form of an advertisement for the products.
vi. There will be a deviation from the old idea which emphasizes much on mass to a modern approach which gives emphasis on lines and planes (volume).
1.6 SCOPE OF WORK
The factory will undertake on mass production basis, the manufacture of paints and other paint products. It will also consist of four major paints of an industrial building; Research, Manufacturing, Administration and Welfare.
The research includes laboratory and library to investigate and recommend possible way of producing better products and raw materials. The manufacturing section, according to the manufacturing process, include: dispersion, mixing, sieving and canning. The administration comprises of offices, personnel and sales while the welfare section includes the factory cline and staff canteen. Other components include the maintenance block, staffproducts,anddeliveryvisito bays and yards etc.
1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
To really collect important information towards the realization of this project and to make an important contribution to Architecture, some research activities had been carried out and data collected through;
i. Visits to existing paint factories site of the projects to determine their production processes, organizational chart and determine the requirement and conditions to be fulfilled in the setting up of such factory.
ii. Use of libraries, research institute, books, journals and unpublished manuscript of thesis reports.
iii. Visits to relevant Government establishment like the ministry of commerce and industry, for collection of data, byelaws, history and other important information.
iv. Personal interview of some people.
v. Internet.
1.8 LIMITATION OF RESEARCH
Due to the limitation of standard paint factories in Nigeria, one is limited to researching with only the small scale private paint factories. In researching with the private factories it was discovered that the factories were over protective of their setting. They feared that their competitors might get hold of information given out for the research and have a hold over them. Some of them that co-operated discourage photographs. Also the fact that the country is not in peace due to the Boko Haram and other threats, the factories are conscious and at the same time trying to protect their life and properties. Materials on paint factories are not much available in libraries, research institutes, records and documents on paint factories in Nigeria.
1.9 IMPORTANCE OF THE PROJECT
The importance or the breaks through this project hope to achieve are:
To provide a comprehensive setting for paint industry in Nigeria in order to help improve the economy attains technology and industrial independence.
To create job opportunities for the increasing labour forces.
It will help in saving foreign exchange by providing goods which would have been purchased abroad.
1.10 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF FACTORY
The factory began with the shop-connected residence as in Ancient Egypt, then the open air workshops and the home the home industry as in Greece. Then, some specialized craft and trades like metal smiting, carpentry, pottery, shoe making were home industry; therefore, operation were in dwelling houses.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
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DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE
ABSTRACT
The culture of people determines and shapes the domestic space in their domestic architecture. Subsequent modifications of the idea have focused on more precise revelations of how the spatial arrangements of material culture are culturally patterned. Through a topological analysis of house plans and patterns, collected from the City of Benin, this study detects a transformation in the house-type aspired and developed by people during the last five centuries. A group of 1054 houses, located in four residential zones in Benin City, Nigeria, has been analysed by means of frequency distribution, Space Syntax categories and factor analysis. The research is determined to find out how the use, organization and meaning of space in Benin have changed and whether or not there are continuities over the years across the entire City. The Space Syntax approach is used to measure the varying degree of change at each stage of the evolution. Here, the space-activity interaction is the main idea that enables us to see what underlies the process. As the old spaces take different names and functions in the new design, they bring about the recombination of their activities, and when this occurs repeatedly at each stage, it leaves behind „topological paths from which the direction of the evolution can be measured. Further examinations reveal that the space-activity interaction arises both at each partitioned space and at the collective space that is closely related. The analysis of the attitudes and responses of the residents using factor analysis revealed that both socio-economic and socio-cultural factors are responsible for the change and continuity in the domestic space.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The transformation process of domestic architecture described in this study shows that it is not simply the changing arrangement of spaces, but also the interaction between the spaces and its activities within the domestic environment that defines the new space. There is an indigenous concept of level-distinction involved in the process. Guided by these underlying forces, the evolution of the houses in Benin followed topological paths to adapt old inherited properties to new physical environment, and the user’s attitudes and responses shows that these values do persist through recognized changes. Transition in domestic space though interesting and gradual but understanding this usually depends on definite factors and physical observations. These factors and observations frame our imaginations, comprehension of reality and history to determine the process, rate and directions (Dynes, et al 2000). The cultural significance of transition in/of spaces is determined by technological development, socio-economic and sociopolitical characteristics of the people. The extent of depth of domestic space in culture is perhaps best measured by its transition. Furthermore, it was observed that the continuity of domestic space exists as an integral part of contemporary Benin culture, no longer controlled by religious or cultural ideologies, making a prototype used by anyone who finds it useful and in certain ways might be considered a model. The symbolic value of continuity of domestic space in contemporary house design has been reduced by increasing cultural illiteracy (Kazimee, et al 2002). However, in Contemporary house design in Benin, there have not been issues of cultural significance yet contemporary issues such as durability, aesthetics and class have limited our attention, it might be possible to adapt continuity of domestic space. The domestic spaces are now modified with durable and aesthetically pleasing materials and since culture is no longer too significant, spaces still have to be created and continued. It was discovered that shortly after independence (i.e., the 60s), the target of Contemporary Architecture Period in Benin was to modernise and enhance the people’s living. For some architect, the old domestic culture was regarded as out-dated, unhealthy and not suitable for contemporary way of living; hence it is expected that contemporary house-types from the West should enclose the western style of living and jettison the existing traditional style of living in Benin. For instance, in the contemporary plans, the floor of the bathroom and kitchen is the same level with the living room, and heaters were provided in the bathrooms. (Zchang, 1994; Kang et al., 1999).
ABSTRACT
The culture of people determines and shapes the domestic space in their domestic architecture. Subsequent modifications of the idea have focused on more precise revelations of how the spatial arrangements of material culture are culturally patterned. Through a topological analysis of house plans and patterns, collected from the City of Benin, this study detects a transformation in the house-type aspired and developed by people during the last five centuries. A group of 1054 houses, located in four residential zones in Benin City, Nigeria, has been analysed by means of frequency distribution, Space Syntax categories and factor analysis. The research is determined to find out how the use, organization and meaning of space in Benin have changed and whether or not there are continuities over the years across the entire City. The Space Syntax approach is used to measure the varying degree of change at each stage of the evolution. Here, the space-activity interaction is the main idea that enables us to see what underlies the process. As the old spaces take different names and functions in the new design, they bring about the recombination of their activities, and when this occurs repeatedly at each stage, it leaves behind „topological paths from which the direction of the evolution can be measured. Further examinations reveal that the space-activity interaction arises both at each partitioned space and at the collective space that is closely related. The analysis of the attitudes and responses of the residents using factor analysis revealed that both socio-economic and socio-cultural factors are responsible for the change and continuity in the domestic space.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The transformation process of domestic architecture described in this study shows that it is not simply the changing arrangement of spaces, but also the interaction between the spaces and its activities within the domestic environment that defines the new space. There is an indigenous concept of level-distinction involved in the process. Guided by these underlying forces, the evolution of the houses in Benin followed topological paths to adapt old inherited properties to new physical environment, and the user’s attitudes and responses shows that these values do persist through recognized changes. Transition in domestic space though interesting and gradual but understanding this usually depends on definite factors and physical observations. These factors and observations frame our imaginations, comprehension of reality and history to determine the process, rate and directions (Dynes, et al 2000). The cultural significance of transition in/of spaces is determined by technological development, socio-economic and sociopolitical characteristics of the people. The extent of depth of domestic space in culture is perhaps best measured by its transition. Furthermore, it was observed that the continuity of domestic space exists as an integral part of contemporary Benin culture, no longer controlled by religious or cultural ideologies, making a prototype used by anyone who finds it useful and in certain ways might be considered a model. The symbolic value of continuity of domestic space in contemporary house design has been reduced by increasing cultural illiteracy (Kazimee, et al 2002). However, in Contemporary house design in Benin, there have not been issues of cultural significance yet contemporary issues such as durability, aesthetics and class have limited our attention, it might be possible to adapt continuity of domestic space. The domestic spaces are now modified with durable and aesthetically pleasing materials and since culture is no longer too significant, spaces still have to be created and continued. It was discovered that shortly after independence (i.e., the 60s), the target of Contemporary Architecture Period in Benin was to modernise and enhance the people’s living. For some architect, the old domestic culture was regarded as out-dated, unhealthy and not suitable for contemporary way of living; hence it is expected that contemporary house-types from the West should enclose the western style of living and jettison the existing traditional style of living in Benin. For instance, in the contemporary plans, the floor of the bathroom and kitchen is the same level with the living room, and heaters were provided in the bathrooms. (Zchang, 1994; Kang et al., 1999).
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EVALUATION OF PUBLIC HOUSING
ABSTRACT
Governments all over the world are taking steps to address the problem of providing adequate and affordable housing to their people. Ogun State Government in Southwest Nigeria is not left out in this drive, and thus initiated an integrated public housing programme in 2013 with the assumption that the use of different strategies by different organizations will result in the provision of adequate housing and improved quality of life for different categories of people in the State. In view of the fact that the validity of this assumption has not been formally examined, this research therefore aimed at evaluating public housing in Ogun State, Nigeria, with a view to examining the extent to which the different housing delivery strategies have provided adequate and satisfactory housing and influenced the quality of life of residents of public housing in the State. Survey and qualitative research strategies as well as proportionate and purposive sampling techniques were used in selecting respondents. Primary data was obtained through the administration of questionnaire to 90 purposely selected staff members, and oral interviews with four senior management staff in four key public housing agencies. In addition, questionnaire and observation schedule were used in obtaining data from 517 housing units selected from four different housing delivery strategies based on the proportion of their occurrence in nine newly constructed public housing estates. The quantitative data was analysed using frequencies, percentages, cross tabulations, discriminant, principal component and categorical regression analyses; while the qualitative data was analysed using content analysis. Findings show that the four public housing agencies sampled were rated as having adequate organizational capacity in public housing provision. However, housing provided by the agencies was rated affordable, inadequate and not satisfactory by the residents. Although, public housing estates sampled lacked basic socio-economic infrastructure, majority of the respondents felt satisfied with life in their current residences. The study found significant differences in socio-economic characteristics of residents and levels of housing adequacy and satisfaction across the four strategies. Whereas the Core housing strategy provided housing for low-income earners and was rated as having provided the most adequate and satisfactory housing, the Turnkey and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) strategies provided the least adequate and satisfactory housing respectively for middle-income earners. The Shell strategy which provided housing for high-income class had the highest proportion of those who felt satisfied with life. Satisfaction with management of housing estates and housing unit attributes among other attributes discriminated between the residents who were satisfied with life and those who were not. Housing unit attributes were rated the most adequate and satisfactory while socio-economic infrastructure and neighbourhood facilities were rated the least adequate and least satisfactory housing attributes. Findings also show that housing delivery strategies, additional space requirement in the housing units, organizational capacity as well as age, income and tenure status of respondents among others were significant predicators of housing adequacy and residential satisfaction in the study area. Residential satisfaction, tenure status, housing adequacy, housing delivery strategies, length of residency, income and age of respondents were factors that influenced satisfaction with life in the housing estates. Although findings of the study are consistent with the findings of prior research; the categorical regression analysis (R2 = 1.000, F=718909256; P=0.000) however shows that adequate housing (Beta=1.000, F=528886811; P=0.000) was the strongest predictor of, and closely related to, residential satisfaction; and that housing adequacy and residential satisfaction have significant influence on satisfaction with life. The findings imply that the different housing delivery strategies used in public housing perform differently in terms of residents perceived adequacy and satisfaction; the levels of housing adequacy and satisfaction as well as quality of life in public housing can be enhanced through adequate provision and maintenance of basic housing infrastructure and neighbourhood facilities; housing adequacy and satisfaction can be used as synonymous concept in the evaluation of housings; and the underlying assumption in public housing in Ogun State is valid.
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Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
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DESIGN OF A DENTAL CLINIC
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Tooth decay was low in pre-agricultural societies, the growth in farming society about 10,000 years ago correlated with an increase with the rate of cavities. An infected tooth from Italy partially cleaned with flint tools, aged between 13,820 and 14,160 years old, represents the oldest known dentistry. The Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) has yielded evidence of dentistry being practised as far back as 7000 BC. An IVC site in indicates that this form of dentistry involved curing tooth related disorders with bow drills operated, perhaps, by skilled bead crafters. The reconstruction of this ancient form of dentistry showed that the methods used were reliable and effective. The earliest dental filling, made of beeswax, was discovered in Slovenia and dates from 6500 years ago.
AIM OF THE STUDY
The aim is to design a functional and befitting modern dental clinic that will meet up with acceptable architectural and structural standards which can receive national acclaim.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of this project include;
To design a facility that will functionally and aesthetically fulfill the need for a standard modern dental clinic in Enugu State.
To design a modern dental clinic that naturally meets up with both architectural and structural standards.
To provide spaces that are large enough to accommodate the workers and equipment/machinery and encourage a seamless overlap between the two.
To contribute to the architectural beauty of the area and the appreciation of the built environment.
Provision of adequate spaces for various dental treatments.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
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(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
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EVALUATION OF FOOTBALL ACADEMY BUILDING
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The Academy of football or just the academy is a nickname of English football club Westham United. The pays homage to the success of the club in coaching talented younger players. The title, originally attributed to the club by the club and is displayed in several prominent place around the stadium such as being printed beside the club crest on the artificial surface surround the pitch at Upton park. The original tribute intended to reference the entire culture of the club, in much the same way as the Liverpool “boot” it was not solely reserved for the education of young players, but also for the development of a modern approach to football from the root up as inspired by the success of the Hungarian national term featuring fence puskas that had humiliated England 6-3 and the great real Madrid side cup of the late 1950s that dominated European cup.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
Due to the complaint from both staffs and students regarding to football academy there is need to build football academy building.
To determine proper location for easily accesses.
To provide adequate space that will accommodate both staffs, football and some necessary facilities.
1.3 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
i. To determine a suitable location for football academy building.
ii. To design the football academy building.
iii. To establish comfortable spaces in Federal Polytechnic football academy building.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The findings of the study will significantly contribute to the design for football academy building in Federal Polytechnic Oko.
The study will also provide a suitable location for the football academy building, for easy access for student and staffs.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This study is made to evaluate the location, design and space of football academy in federal polytechnic oko.It covered only football academy in Federal Polytechnic Oko not at Atani campus.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The following limitations are inherent in the study
1. They were no register to access.
2. There were no much interesting students so; they find it difficult to accept the questionnaire from the researcher.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
(4) Teller Number
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420