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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OF MUTUAL FUNDS BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
References
ABSTRACT
The financial market particularly capital market in Nigeria is playing a vital role in the mobilization of household savings from the investing public. In this context, it is observed that mutual funds are becoming the major channel for the mobilization of the savings. It was felt that mutual funds could be an effective vehicle for channelizing larger shares of household savings to productive investments in the corporate sector.
The performance of mutual fund schemes is dependent on the right strategy adopted by the fund managers in designing the portfolio. The issues related to the choice of schemes among the public and private sector funds on the one hand and on the other hand high risk associated with schemes have become an important point of every investor. Return alone is not considered as the basis of measurement of the performance of a mutual fund scheme, it should also consider risk involved in the investment. Because different funds will have different levels of risk attached to them. The researcher has set two objectives for the study: (1) to analyze the risk-return profile of equity linked growth and balanced funds. (2) To make a comparative analysis of public and private-sector mutual funds.
The study finds that there is a significant difference in terms of mean return between public and private sector schemes. However, there is no significant difference between public and private sector schemes in terms of excess return per unit of risk under Sharpe, Treynor and Jensen models.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The financial market particularly capital market in Nigeria is playing a vital role in the mobilization of household savings
from the investing public. In this context, it is observed that mutual funds are becoming the major channel for the mobilization of the savings. The concept of mutual fund was emerged in Nigeria with the establishment of Unit Trust of Nigeria (UTI) in July 1964. The UTI was set up with the two main objectives viz. mobilizing household savings and investing the funds in the capital market for industrial growth. It was felt that mutual funds could be an effective vehicle for channelizing larger shares of household savings to productive investments in the corporate sector. Because, an ordinary investor does not have the time, expertise and patience to take independent investment decisions on his own.
The performance of mutual fund schemes is dependent on the right strategy adopted by the fund managers in designing the portfolio. Since the investors invest their money in different schemes offered by the two sectors which are public and private sector, their risk and return associated with the type of investment will also vary. The issues related to the choice of schemes among the public and private sector funds on the one hand and on the other hand high risk associated with schemes have become an important point of every investor. Return alone is not considered as the basis of measurement of the performance of a mutual fund scheme, it should also consider risk involved in the investment. Because different funds will have different levels of risk attached to them.
Treynor (1965)[1] used ‘characteristic line’ for relating expected rate of return of a fund to the rate of return of a suitable market average. He coined a fund performance measure taking investment risk into account. Further, to deal with a portfolio, ‘portfoliopossibility line’ was used to relate expected return to the portfolio owner’s risk preference.
Sharpe (1966) [2] developed a composite measure to consider return and risk. Based on this he evaluated the performance of 34 open ended Mutual Fund schemes during the period 1944-63. He observed that 11 funds have outperformed the benchmark. Based on this evidence he concluded that average mutual fund performance was inferior to an investment in stock market. An analysis of relationship between fund performance and its expense ratio indicated that good performance was associated with low expense ratio.
Jensen (1968) [3] developed a composite portfolio evaluation technique that considered return adjusted for risk difference and used it for evaluating 115 open ended mutual fund schemes during the period 1945-66. For the full period Jensen examined net expenses and gross expenses. The analysis of net return indicated that 89 funds have above return adjusted for risk while 76 experienced abnormally poor return. On the basis of this analysis Jensen concluded that for the sample of 115 mutual funds were not able to forecast security prices well enough to recover expenses and fees.
Jayadev (1996)[4] evaluated the performance of two growth oriented mutual funds on the basis of monthly returns compared to benchmark returns over a study period of 21 months (i.e. June 1992 to March 1994). He employed risk-adjusted performance, measures suggested by Jensen, Treynor and Sharpe for evaluation. He found that both the funds were poor in earning better returns either adopting market timing strategy or in selecting under-priced securities. Further, the study concluded that the two growth oriented funds have not performed better in terms of total risk and were not offering advantages of diversification and professionalism to the investors.
Gupta Amitabh (2001)[5] evaluated the performance of selected mutual fund schemes and also tested the market timing abilities of mutual fund managers during the period 1994 to 1999. He has also examined in his study the growth of mutual fund since 1987 to 1989. Two types of bench mark portfolios are used (1) a market index (2) fundex. The result of sample of 73 mutual fund schemes indicate that 38 (i.e. 52%) schemes earned higher return in comparison to the market return while remaining 35 schemes (i.e. 48%) generated lower return than that of market. It is also found that any unique risk of the sample scheme was 2.73 (per week) while the average diversification came to 34.3%. This implies that the sample is not adequately diversified. The result of his study provides no evidence for the market timing of abilities of mutual fund managers.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The researcher has set the following objectives to fulfill the need of the study.
(1) To analyze the risk-return profile of equity linked growth and balanced funds.
(2) To make a comparative analysis of public and private-sector mutual funds.
Scope of the study:
The researcher has adopted five years period from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2015. The 91-days T-bill rates of interest were used as risk free returns in the study and were compiled from the RBI website. It was conducted among selected private and public institutions
HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY:
The researcher has set the following hypotheses which are in line with the said objectives of the study:
Ho1: There is no significant difference in terms of mean return between public and private sector mutual fund schemes.
Ha1: There is a significant difference in terms of mean return between public and private sector mutual fund schemes.
Ho2: There is no significant difference between public and private sector mutual fund schemes in terms of excess return per unit of risk under Sharpe, Treynor and Jenson models.
Ha2: There is a significant difference between public and private sector mutual fund schemes in terms of excess return per unit of risk under Sharpe, Treynor and Jenson models.
The hypotheses have been tested at 95% confidence level with P-value of 0.05.
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:
The study is subject to certain limitations which are beyond the control and purview of the researcher during the study.
• The current study considers only five years period because of the schemes of more than five years may be of little relevance in the present context.
• The sample size is restricted to 80 schemes only. However, the researcher has ensured that the samples chosen for the study are fairly representative of the schemes from every perspective.
• As the study is based on secondary data, there is every possibility of creeping the unauthenticated information.
Significance of the study
This paper mainly helps the investors to choose the schemes between public and private sector schemes to invest in. The present study is aimed at analyzing the comparative analysis of the growth and balanced schemes belonging to both public and private sectors and the researcher feels that the study may be extended to other schemes such as debt schemes, ETFs etc. The researcher also feels that there is a scope for undertaking performance evaluation of the schemes based on cash availability with the fund houses.
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ASSESSING THE ROLE OF MENTORSHIP IN INTERNSHIP SUCCESS: A CASE STUDY OF APPROACH
Chapter One:
Introduction
Internships play a crucial role in preparing students and young professionals for the transition from academia to the workforce. They offer invaluable opportunities to gain practical experience, develop skills, and explore career paths in real-world settings. However, the success of an internship often depends not only on the tasks assigned or the projects completed but also on the support and guidance provided by mentors.
Mentorship, defined as a developmental partnership between a more experienced mentor and a less experienced mentee, has emerged as a key factor in enhancing the outcomes of internship programs. By offering personalized guidance, feedback, and advice, mentors can help interns navigate challenges, set goals, and maximize their learning and growth during their internship experiences.
This study aims to assess the role of mentorship in internship success, with a focus on a specific mentorship approach implemented in a case study organization. By examining the mentorship program’s objectives, structure, activities, outcomes, and impact, this research seeks to provide insights into the effectiveness of mentorship in supporting interns’ professional development and achieving organizational objectives.
Through a combination of literature review, case study analysis, and empirical investigation, this study aims to address the following research questions:
What is the role of mentorship in enhancing the success of internship programs?
How does the mentorship approach implemented in the case study organization contribute to interns’ professional development and organizational outcomes?
What are the key success factors, challenges, and lessons learned from the mentorship program?
By exploring these questions, this study seeks to contribute to the existing body of knowledge on mentorship in internship contexts and provide practical recommendations for organizations looking to enhance their internship programs through effective mentorship approaches. Ultimately, the goal is to foster a deeper understanding of the role of mentorship in shaping the future workforce and supporting the next generation of professionals as they embark on their career journeys.
Internships play a pivotal role in bridging the gap between academic learning and real-world professional experiences. As organizations increasingly recognize the value of internships in shaping the future workforce, the need to enhance the effectiveness of these programs becomes imperative. One key factor that significantly influences the success of internships is mentorship. Mentorship provides interns with guidance, support, and a structured pathway to navigate the complexities of the professional world.
This chapter focuses on assessing the role of mentorship in internship success, using a case study approach to delve deeper into the intricacies of mentor-intern relationships. The research aims to explore how mentorship contributes to the overall success and development of interns, examining the various dimensions of mentorship that influence the internship experience.
This inquiry explores the benefits of mentorship for students in WIL through a social learning lens to elaborate on the content of career-related support and psycho-social support for the hospitality management students completing internships in the hospitality sector. For this study, we define mentoring as a form of social learning in a work-integrated context. Mentorship as a form of social learning has dual functions (Kram, 1985):
1) Career-related support – to help the mentee advance through the organization
2) Psycho-social support – interpersonal aspects between mentor and mentee
Who Mentors During WIL?
In the aforementioned study by Keating (2012), survey responses indicated that students expected the role of supervisor and the role of mentor to be the same. Keating (2012) however made a distinction between these roles and argued that while “the role of mentor and that of the supervisor is often expected to be the same by the student. It is, however, quite different, since the supervisor is an operational figure whose relationship to the students would be that of tasks and operations, whereas a mentor forges a strong supportive relationship” (p. 98).
The authors of this paper question this statement as it seems reasonable to expect supervisors to be able to navigate both mentorship and supervision roles, especially in short internships. Lunsford et al. (2017) noted that in Canada “the tension between supervision and mentorship is one of the fundamental differences in mentoring constructs” (p. 322). Considering the relatively short internship duration, typically 420 hours and a minimum of 12 weeks, it is understandable that a student may look to a supervisor for both operational supervision and mentorship.
In a study of the links between mentoring and work-integrated learning, career-related support provided by mentors related to education in organizational culture, and in particular the values, norms and behaviours within a particular workplace was imparted through role modelling and conversation (Smith-Ruig, 2014). This finding suggests that those in a supervisory role in the workplace are positioned well to be able to offer both role modelling and situated insight regarding workplace organizational culture.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Despite the recognized importance of mentorship in internship programs, there is a dearth of comprehensive studies that systematically assess the impact of mentorship on internship success. This research seeks to address this gap by investigating the specific ways in which mentorship affects the professional and personal growth of interns. Additionally, the study will explore any challenges or limitations that may hinder the effectiveness of mentorship in the context of internships.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The primary objectives of this research are as follows:
To evaluate the influence of mentorship on the success of internships.
To identify the key components and characteristics of effective mentorship in the context of internships.
To explore the impact of mentorship on the professional development and career readiness of interns.
To investigate potential challenges and barriers faced by mentors and interns in the mentorship process during internships.
1.4 Research Questions
To guide the investigation, the following research questions will be addressed:
What is the influence of mentorship on the success of internships?
What are the key components and characteristics of effective mentorship in the context of internships?
How does mentorship impact the professional development and career readiness of interns?
What challenges and barriers are faced by mentors and interns in the mentorship process during internships?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This research holds significance for various stakeholders, including educational institutions, employers, mentors, and interns. Understanding the role of mentorship in internship success can inform the design and implementation of more effective internship programs, ultimately benefiting both students and organizations.
1.6 Scope and Limitations
The study focuses on mentorship within the context of internships, primarily in professional settings. The research is limited to a specific timeframe and geographic location. Limitations may include potential bias in self-reported data and the generalizability of findings to diverse internship programs.
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ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF VALUE-ADDED TAX ON CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR-AN ANALYSIS OF RATE CHANGES,INCOME LEVELS, AND PRODUCT CATEGORIES
Abstract
This study examines the impact of Value-Added Tax (VAT) on consumer behavior, focusing on the influence of VAT rate changes, income levels, and product categories. By analyzing the correlation between VAT rate adjustments and shifts in purchasing patterns, the study aims to understand how different consumer groups respond to tax changes. Data is gathered from diverse income brackets to evaluate the sensitivity of consumer spending on essential and luxury goods. The analysis also explores the degree to which product categories influence consumer choices under varying VAT conditions. Findings from this study are expected to provide insights into policy decisions regarding VAT adjustments and their socio-economic implications on consumer demand and market dynamics.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Research Objectives
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Significance of the Study
1.6 Scope and Limitations
1.7 Definition of Terms
Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Overview of Value-Added Tax
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.2.1 Economic Theory of Taxation
2.2.2 Consumer Behavior Theory
2.3 Impact of VAT on Consumer Behavior
2.3.1 Rate Changes and Consumer Spending
2.3.2 Income Levels and Consumption Patterns
2.3.3 Product Categories Affected by VAT
2.4 Empirical Studies on VAT and Consumer Behavior
2.5 Summary of Literature Review
Chapter 3: Research Methodology
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population and Sample Size
3.3 Sampling Technique
3.4 Data Collection Methods
3.4.1 Primary Data
3.4.2 Secondary Data
3.5 Data Analysis Techniques
3.6 Ethical Considerations
Chapter 4: Results and Discussion
4.1 Presentation of Data
4.1.1 Demographic Characteristics of Respondents
4.1.2 Impact of VAT Rate Changes
4.1.3 Influence of Income Levels on Consumer Behavior
4.1.4 Analysis of Product Categories
4.2 Discussion of Findings
4.2.1 Implications of VAT on Consumer Spending
4.2.2 Comparison with Previous Studies
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Summary of Findings
5.2 Conclusions
5.3 Policy Recommendations
5.4 Suggestions for Future Research
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AN INVESTIGATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD IN RICE MILL INDUSTRY.A CASE STUDY OF ABAKALIKI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
ABSTRACT:
This work gives an investigation of occupational hazard in rice mill industry.A case study of Abakaliki local government area. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst selected workers of rice mill industry in Abakaliki local government. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that occupational hazard has a significant impact in the rice mill industry. Also, there is a negative relationship between occupational hazard and the performance of the rice mill industry.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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AN APPRAISAL OF THE IMPACT OF PENSION REFORM ACT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT:
This work gives an appraisal of the impact of pension reform act on the development of investment portfolio in Nigeria. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst selected investment portfolio managers from selected states in Nigeria. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that the pension reform act has a significant positive impact on the development of investment portfolio in Nigeria. Also, there is a positive relationship between pension reform act and the development of investment portfolio in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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]]>EFFECT OF INSECURITY ON MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM
ENTERPRISES (MSMES) DEVELOPMENT IN BENIN-CITY, EDO STATE
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EFFECT OF INSECURITY ON MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM
ENTERPRISES (MSMES) DEVELOPMENT IN BENIN-CITY, EDO STATE
Abstract
Despite the concerted efforts by different stakeholders to abate security challenges in Nigeria the rising wave still remain obstinate and the adverse effects on MSMEs operations has become worrisome. It becomes imperative therefore to analyse the effects on MSMEs development considering the relevance to economic growth and development to the Nigeria economy. The study therefore adopted the descriptive survey research design and the population comprised 116 MSMEs operators who registered with the Ministry of Commerce and Industries in Benin-City, Edo State. Four research questions guided the explorative study. A 48-item structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. The instrument was validated by four experts who are professionals from Entrepreneurship, Business Administration, Law, Measurement and Evaluation. It was tested for reliability using the Cronbach Apha and a reliability value of 0.88 was realized. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and determine the homogeneity of respondents’ opinions. The findings revealed among others that although there is low rate of insecurity to MSMEs operations in Benin-City but the operators reduced their productive hours by closing early for fear of being attack by hoodlum s and criminals. Also all the stakeholders are working round the clock to provide good security measures but police response to distress calls most cases is not encouraging. They however agreed that insecurity can have adverse consequences on business by discouraging business operators from expanding their businesses or make new investment and also scare away potential local and foreign investors. It was recommended among other that stakeholders should intensify efforts to bridge the gap in the security lapses that cause fear, anxiety and portend misfortune to business operators. Furthermore, as a matter of urgency government should ensure that all security service providers are duly registered and should formulate policies that will nip the problem in the bud to enable MSMEs thrive.
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PROBLEM OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT IN PUBLIC SECTOR ORGANISATION
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The usefulness of training and manpower development in any organisation cannot to over emphasize. Every organisation depends on training on manpower development among other factors for the attainment of its goals and objectives. The objectives cannot be fully achieved unless the employees are training and development to acquire the necessary skills knowledge and ability to perform their functional job.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Federal Ministry of Education is one of the oldest ministers established by the colonial masters. The ministry is a social service ministry is an important organisation because it formulates polices on education, inspects and elements them. The chief executive of the federal ministry of education is the Honourable minister while the permanent secretary is the head of administration and the ministry’s accounting officer. He takes the blame ad praises as the chief accounting officer. All the departments of the ministry are headed by directors. The departments are formal education department, which includes, secondary, higher education, and adult and formal education.
(a) SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
This department is in-charge of polytechnics, colleges of education, technical and federal technical colleges.
(b) PLANNING, RESEARCH AND STATISTICS
This department its in-charge of planning matters using statistical analysis for the ministry.
(c) INSPECTORATE DEPARTMENT
This is the quantity control post of the ministry charged with the responsibility to inspecting schools at all levels to check if standards in education policy are maintained and it also advises the authority based on their findings
(d) FINANCE DEPARTMENT
This department is responsible for all financial matters that relates to the ministry.
(e) ADMINISTRATION AND SUPPLY
It is the responsibility f this department to deal with all matters involving promotion, training recruitment discipline, welfare, purchasing and supply within the ministry.
(f) EDUCATION SUPPORT SERCVICE
It is responsible for all international dealings UNESCO accreditation of certificates and such others.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Public sector organizations are not fully aware of the benefits derivable for training and development hence their workers do not seen to be adequately trained or developed. This lapse I training have led to ineptitude and inefficiency that is associated with public service. the problem of training and development in the federal ministry of education can be categorized as follows:
Meager fund allocation for training.
Training not used as a source of motivation for staff.
Wrong positing of officers not immensely qualified to schedules and they are not trained for.
Selection of staff for training not based on objectivity and needs.
Inadequate information on availability of courses by staff.
Lack of prompt preparation of training funds by schedule officers.
Refusal of sectional heads and management to utilize the properly trained staff I their areas of specialization
Late selection of courses leading to inadequate preparation.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The purpose or objectives these studies are as follows:
Discover whether employees are adequately trained and skillfully developed
Know factors that militate against effective implementation or execution of training programmes.
Ascertain the level participation of employees in their organizational training programme,
Discover the methods used in training and development of workers it effect on the employees and federals ministry of education.
Find out reasons why public organizations engage in training and manpower’s development.
Make appropriate recommendations that will assist public organizations and general and education ministry. In particular, take appropriate and incentive decisions that will help in no small measure to improve the status of training and manpower development.
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of this study on the other hand is limited to the federal ministry of education head quarters, Abuja.
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Research hypothesis comprises of two types Namely: (i) The Null hypothesis (ii) The Alternative hypothesis.
Ho – Null Hypothesis
That the ministry is not investing enough o training programmes
That the ministry is investing adequately on training programmes.
Hi – Alternative Hypothesis
Lack of training contribution to the poor performance of staff in the ministry.
Adequate training is being given to the employee hence performance is enhanced for development.
1.6 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
Research hypothesis comprises of two types namely: (i) The null hypothesis
(ii) The alternative hypothesis
(i) Hypothesis 1
Ho That the ministry of not investing enough on training programmes.
Hi That the ministry is investing adequately on training programs
(ii) Hypothesis 2
Ho lack of training contribution to the poor performance of staff in the ministry.
Hi Adequate training is being given to the employee hence performance is enhanced for development.
1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of this project cannot be over emphasized here. Suffice is to say that for training and development programmes to be effective, its objectives aims, benefits and processes must be clearly and properly understood.
More so, if they are properly carried out, they will help to improve the operational performance of employees for the attainment of the organizational goals. This study is intended to help in facilitating organizational training and manpower development strategies. Policy makers will equally benefit tremendously from this study, as it will avail them of the necessary tools of training policy formulations. This study will be of tremendous help to studios human resources and public administration who may be venturing into the field of training. The facts remain that this study will throw more light on issue revolving on training and manpower development in public organizations and it is hoped that it will be delight to the general public.
1.8 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
For the purpose of the project work the method used in the collection of data was primary and secondary source. A particular sample and population was used before arriving at the conclusion. The population used is made up to the department that exist in the federal ministry of education headquarter, Abuja.
The sample of this study on the other hand consists of the workers in the headquarters of the ministry found in the eight departments, the eight departments are headed by eight directors.
1.1 DEFINITION OF TERM
Training. Training is a set of activities whereby practitioners (mangers or directors assisting in improving their individual competed and performance as well as the organizational development, environment with the ultimate goals of training the standard of organizational performance.
Development: This is a change in the organisation age.
Federal Ministry of Education: The ministry or organisation used in the research as a case study.
Problems: this is bringing up individual (human beings) for a particular work to be skilled and unskilled.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF ESTABLISHING A SMALL SCALE PROCESSING FACTORY
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to determine the problems and prospects of establishing garri processing industry at Ugbene in Abakpa, Enugu Metropolis.
In carrying out the study, care was therefore taken to ensure that relevant and adequate date were collected and analysed. Thus, the researcher obtained such data from primary and secondary sources.
The research method adopted was the survey method in which the sample was selected through random sampling. The data collection instrument included questionnaire and interview as well as the library.
After analyzing the data the following findings were made:
The existing garri industry at Ugbene in Abakpa, Enugu locality is dominated by small scale processors producing for personal consumption and for sale in the local market.
– Lack of capital militates against establishment of modern garri industry operating with modern equipment.
– The government does not give adequate incentives for the establishment of garri processing industries.
– Other problems include lack of technical skill in operating modern garri processing facilities, conservative attitudes of peasant processors, lack of storage facilities, high transport cost, high price of cassava, and palm oil as well as high cost of land.
– There are prospects for establishing garri-processing industries at Ugbene in Abakpa, Enugu Metro Polis because it is a profitable venture. The prespects include availability of raw materials, the large local and external market for selling of garri, availability of transport system and adequacy of labour supply.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE DEGREE OF EMPLOYEE PARTICIPATION IN DECISION MAKING AND IT’S EFFECT ON PRODUCTIVITY
ABSTRACT
This research project is a crucial study for the Anambra Motor Manufacturing Company (ANAMMCO) Enugu.
This study was motivated by the necessity to establish the degree of employee participation in decision-making and its effect on productivity.
To solve the research problem, both primary and secondary data were collected. The research instruments used in collecting the data were questionnaires and oral interview.
The respondents were the employees of the company. In organisaing and presenting data collected, tables, frequencies and percentages were used. The various hypothesis were tested using Chi-square.
Data analysis and interpretation gave the following findings:
1. Most respondents agreed that employees participation in decision-making enhances productivity.
2. Majority agreed that the employees participation in decision-making is not satisfactory.
Based on the findings, the researcher comments that:
1. The company should encourage its workers to participate in decisions that may affect them directly.
2. This involvement should cut across all workers at various levels in the organization.
The conclusion of the study is that, employees participation in decision-making enhances productivity..
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE EFFECT OF UNBIDLE IMPORTATION ON INDEGINEOUS INDUSTRIES
INTRODUCTION
The president of manufacturing association of Nigeria, Rufus Giwa (2000.p 16) define industry as thus:
“Industry, particularly, manufacturing is the motive force for development. In fact, industrialization is more than engine of growth. It is also the Catalyst for technological, financial and socio-economical advancement.
Trade, and more specifically, foreign trade have astronomically been instrumental in man’s bid towards betterment of his life on earth.
Today we can enjoy and make use of automobiles made in far away Japan as if they grow in our gardens other articles which we can’t dream of producing even in the next millennium liters our markets as if they were going out of fashion. All these are courtesy of foreign trade and broadly on one of its two pronged division.
Importation.: a very important concept it is, but like a two edged sword, it cam destroy if not carefully handled.
A study on how foreign product crowd our market, and how our local industries are nose-divine into oblivion show that we are already receiving a fair does of rough handling under the sharp claws of this excessive importation.
“The Nigerian trade journal” of March/April 1980, analyzing our trade statistics put the total of beer & stout importation at N7, %62, 3/5. people should and rose dust over it that it is excessive, but what have we to say today that people zoom off from the country just to tooth picks and toilet tissues?
The millions of graduate that our academic institutions turn out annually have their fate hanging over the balance with hands supporting their checks, and all hoe on divine intervention they helplessly watch as our few industries fold up in their hundreds. Retrenchment and counter retrenchment of workers have become so common is the few existing ones battle to break even and remain in contention. Consequently unemployment and poor standard of living can’t be more adventurous.
An idle man they said is the devils tool. Coupling with the fact that both ends must need, am-robbery, fraud, bribery, corruption and other social vices exert dominion. Hence our country can’t help winning the inglorious” most corrupt country” award in the year 200.
From the lamentable figures they post in their annual report as profit after exuberant tax from a government that don’t spare their selves thought about their welfare. Instead of re-investment or expansion, the little token that will succeed in dropping into their confer went into unreasonable advisement which they6 see as their last resort to remain in contention in their ever growing competitive market.
These and many more have been the plight of our indigenous industries consequent upon excessive importation. This work try to look into the effect of this practice and how to curtail its excesses. It will make a steep further to put forward measures towards revamping the vandalized state of our indigenous industry.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
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