ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE EFFECT OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE PROFITABILITY OF QUOTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT
The study examined the impact of capital structure on the profitability of selected quoted insurance companies in Nigeria between 2011 and 2016. The data were obtained from the published financial reports of selected firms. The panel data analysis was employed in the study.
The findings showed that: Total debt ratio (β= 0.07; p>0.05) and debt-to-equity ratio (β= 0.01; p>0.05) had insignificant positive impact on return on asset of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria; The combined effect of total debt ratio and debt-to-equity ratio is statistically insignificant on return on asset of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria (F=2.65; p>0.05); Total debt ratio (β= 0.14; p>0.05) and debt-to-equity ratio (β= 0.08; p>0.05) had insignificant positive impact on return on equity of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria; The combined effect of total debt ratio and debt-to-equity ratio is statistically insignificant on return on equity of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria (F= 1.95; p>0.05); Total debt ratio (β=0.08; p>0.05) had insignificant positive impact on net profit margin while debt to equity ratio (β=0.04; p<0.05) had significant positive impact on the net profit margin of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria;The combined effect of total debt ratio and debt-to-equity ratio is statistically insignificant on net profit margin of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria (F= 3.55; p<0.05).
The study concludes that capital structure in the form of debt financing and equity financing contributes to the profitability of selected quoted insurance firms in Nigeria, but its influence on profitability is negligible.
The study suggest that; Insurance companies should introduce more debt, especially long-term debt, into their capital structure mix as this will have an automatic effect of reducing the overall cost of capital as a result of its tax advantage that accrue to the organization when this decision is taken, and this often could lead to enhanced profitability of the organizations.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Background of Study
The success of insurance companies in Nigeria business environment depends on the ability of the managers to effectively determine the optimal capital mix which is necessary to ensure that they make profit and shareholders get to see that objective fulfilled which is wealth maximization, capital structure decision is very crucial to any organization; it is very difficult to decide the best combination of debt and equity. Capital structure reflects the firms financing strategy. Therefore the optimal capital structure is said to exist when the debt and equity can be combined to reduce the cost of capital and enhance the firms’ profitability (Mohammed & Khalifa, 2014).
Modigliani and Miller (1958) demonstrated the irrelevance of capital structure in firm value, although the assumption is valuable only in perfect market conditions, where all investors have free access to market information, there are zero transaction costs and no tax difference between dividends and capital gains. However, real economies are far from perfect and thus many financing decisions theories were developed over time in order to demonstrate the purpose of capital mix and its role in company value. (Sorana, 2015)
Capital structure is the way in which a firm finances its operation which can either be through debt or equity or the combination of both (Brigham, 2004). A number of theories explained the relationship between profitability and value of firm. It has been argued that firms with high growth rate have high debt to equity ratio and it has been observed that bankruptcy has an effect on capital structure (Zeituna & Tian, 2007). According to (Kochhar, 1997), poor capital structure may lead to a possible reduction or loss in the value derived from strategic assets. Hence, the capability of a firm in managing its financial policies is important if the firm is to realise gain from it specialised resources (Olokoyo, 2013). The raising of appropriate funds in an organization will aid the firm in its operation. Hence, it is important for firms in Nigeria to know the debt equity mix that gives effective performance after a good analysis of business operation and obligation (Olokoyo, 2013).
The cost of capital is having greater influence on the Earnings before interest and tax level of the firm, which will directly affect the amount of earning available to the investor that finally reflects on the value of the firm. If the manager of an organization decide not to maintain the capital structure of the firm it will affect the firm growth and profitability which will later have financial distress on the profitability of the firm. Firms can also issue dozens of distinct securities in a countless combination to maxima overall market value (Abor, 2005).
Profit has relevance in comparing the efficiency of a business organization. Profitability is the ability of a lucrative activity to generate revenue higher than expenses involved. The profitability measures are known as profitability ratios or accumulated margin (Stefeap, 2008). Profitability means ability to make profit from all business activities of an organization. Profitability is the ability of a given investment to earn a return from its use (Tulsian, 2014). (Erasmus, 2008) noted that financial performance measure like profitability and liquidity among others provide available tools to shareholders to evaluate past financial performance and current position of a company. Profitability is a primary goal of all business a business that does not make profit cannot survive. The ratios used to measure profitability are Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), Return on investment (ROI), Earnings per share (EPS), Gross Profit Margin, Net profit Margin.
Financial performance refers to the degree to which to which financial objectives being or has been achieved. It is the process of measuring the results of firm’s policies and operations in monetary term. Firm performance reflects how effectively companies manage their resources. There is a multitude of capital structure indicators that influence the firm performance and profitability (Sorana, 2015). Firm performance and capital structure has succeeded in attracting a good deal of public interest because it is a tool for socio-economic development (Ayad and Mustafa 2015). Erasmus (2008) noted that financial performance measure like profitability and liquidity among others provide available tools to shareholders to evaluate past financial performance and current position of a company. Financial performance plays a large role in measuring the success of business firms. Evaluating the firm’s performance has three dimensions: the firms’ productivity, profitability,
1.2 Statement of Research Problem
This study is undertaken because it has been observed that a lot of research has been done on effects of capital structure on the profitability of companies like the effect of capital structure on profitability: An empirical Analysis of listed firms in Iraq by (Ayad and Mustafa, 2015), the effect of capital structure on profitability of energy American firms (Mohamed and Tailab, 2014) and Capital Structure and Firms Performance: Evidence from Malaysian listed firms (Salim and Raj, 2012).
There are only a limited number of studies that examine factors that influence the capital structure of Nigerian firms. Although the capital structure issue has received substantial amount of attention in developed countries, it has remained neglected in the developing countries However, little attention has been paid to effect of capital structure on the profitability of quoted insurance companies especially in developing countries like Nigeria.
If there has been any area of finance theory that has attracted the greatest attention and caused the highest controversy, it is definitely the theory of capital structure and leverage and how they affect firms’ performance. The choice of capital structure has however being subject to several debates and investigations. The capital structure and firms value has been subject to lots of arguments for many years and it still represented one of the most unresolved issues in corporate finance literature. Only a few people have developed theories that have been tested by empirical studies and theories. Morri and Beretta (2008) explained that numerous theoretical studies and much empirical research have addressed those issues, but there is no generally accepted theory and the debates on the significance of the determinant of factors of capital and profitability is still open.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The general objective of the study is to examine the impact of capital structure on the profitability of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria. The specific objectives are:
To examine the impact of capital structure on return on asset of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
To examine the impact of capital structure on return on equity of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
To examine the impact of capital structure on net profit margin of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
1.4 Research Questions
Does capital structure has impact on return on asset of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
Does capital structure has impact on return on equity of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
Does capital structure has impact on net profit margin of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
1.5 Research Hypotheses
H01: Capital structure has no significant impact on return on asset of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
H02: Capital structure has no significant impact on return on equity of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
H03: Capital structure has no significant impact on net profit margin of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria.
1.6 Operational Models
Objective One: Capital Structure and Return on Asset
ROA= f (CAP)
ROA= f (DR, DER)
ROAit= α0 + α1DEit +α2DERit + µ
Where:
ROA= Return on asset
DR= Debt ratio
DER= Debt-to-equity ratio
i= Cross-section of firm; t=time
Objective Two: Capital Structure and Return on Equity
ROE= f (CAP)
ROE= f (DR, DER)
ROEit= α0 + α1DEit +α2DERit + µ
Where:
ROE= Return on equity
DR= Debt ratio
DER= Debt-to-equity ratio
i= Cross-section of firm; t=time
Objective Three: Capital Structure and Net profit margin
NPM= f (CAP)
NPM= f (DR, DER)
NPMit= α0 + α1DEit +α2DERit + µ
Where:
NPM= Net profit margin
DR= Debt ratio
DER= Debt-to-equity ratio
i= Cross-section of firm (i= 1, 2…., 5); t=time (1, 2… 6)
1.6 Scope of the study
This study is concerned with the effect of capital structure on the profitability of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria; the evaluation of the profitability of insurance firms is for a period of six years 2011-2016.
1.7 Significance of the Study
Acquiring knowledge on the effect of capital structure on the profitability financial of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria will help finance manager to predict potential problems associated with financing decisions and also help to achieve the goals of shareholders
This study have a significant role to play in filling the gap and understanding the effect of capital structure decision on the profitabilit of quoted insurance companies in Nigeria. It will also help financial managers to decide and understand the effect that firm’s capital structure has on profitability in order to maintain and optimal and ideal capital structure.
It will also help investor who wants to in insurance companies to understand and analyze the effect of capital structure on their profitability and maximizing their objectives. It will also serve as a reference for other researchers in the area of financial management.
1.8 Organisation of Study
This research work is organized into five chapters.
Chapter One: This present the introduction, the statement of problem, objective of study, research questions, hypothesis, scope of study, significant of study.
Chapter Two: This chapter reviews the conceptual framework, theoretical framework, empirical literatures on capital structure and profitability.
Chapter Three: This present the research methodology used
Chapter Four: Data analysis
Chapter Five: This chapter contains findings, recommendation and summary.
1.9 Operational Definition of Terms
Capital Structure: This is how a firm finances its overall operations and growth by using different sources of funds. It is a way a company finances its asset through a combination of equity, debt etc.
Optimal Capital Structure: This indicates the best debt to equity ratio for a firm that maximises its value. It is the one which proffers a balance between the debt to equity ranges thus minimizing the
Long Term Debts: This consists of loans and financial obligations lasting over one year.
Short Term Debts: This is made up of any debt incurred by a company that is due within one year.
Equity: A stock or any other security representing an ownership interest. This is one’s degree of ownership after all debts associated with the asset has been paid off.
Leverage: This is the investment strategy of using borrowed money, specifically the use of various financial instruments or borrowed capital to increase the potential return of an investment. It is the amount of debt used to finance assets.
Risk: This is the chance that an investment’s actual return will differ from the expected return, it is the possibility of losing some or all of an original investment.
Financial Risk: this is the possibility that shareholders will lose money when they invest in a company that has debt, if the company’s cash flow proves inadequate to meet its financial obligation.
Business Risk: this is the possibility that a company will have lower than anticipated profits or experience a loss rather than taking a profit.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSONAL SELLING STRATEGIES ON MARKETING OF INSURANCE POLICIES
ABSTRACT
This work discusses effectiveness of personal selling strategies on marketing of insurance policies. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst people from selected states in Nigeria. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that personal selling strategies have a significant impact on marketing of insurance policies. Also, there is a strong relationship between personal selling strategies and the marketing of insurance policies.
The work is made of five chapters with bibliography and list of references
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Bibliography
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE VOLUME OF MARINE INSURANCE BUSINESS IN AN INSURANCE FIRM AND ITS IMPACT ON CORPORATE TURNOVER (A STUDY OF UNIC ASSURANCE PLC)
ABSTRACT
This project is purely an academic exercise presented to the department of insurance, IMT, Enugu in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the award of higher national diploma in insurance
From the project titled” the VOLUME Of MARINE INSURANCE ON CORPORATE TURNOVER”. This research work looks into the relatives contribution of marine insurances to the total presume income of UNIC insurance plc, a company established in 1965 and which underwriters insurance risks in all classes of insurances business (life and Non-life).
It also focus on the establishment of a period of three years 2003, 2004 and 2005 and the comparative growth in earnings attributable to marine insurance.
The methodology deals with the company’s investigation and analysis of actual corporate performance. It also deals on the major problems which UNIC PLC pace in generating higher premium income from marine insurances free from fraudsters.
The objective of this study broke into
How it can identify the major non-life insurance business from UNIC PLC from 200-2005 and he specific contributions of marine insurance to overall performance.
It also determine the relative importance and volume of marine insurance as a revenue generating sources.
It also gains an inside knowledge of marketing operating of marine insurance business, the customer profile and the procedure for claims requirement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE
Background Of The Study
Objective Of The Study
Significance Of The Study
Research Question
Scope And Limitations Of The Study
Definition Of Terms
Definition Of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature Review
2.1 Historical Evolution Of Marine Insurance
2.2 Marine Insurance And Overseas Trade
Fundamental Principles Guarding Marine Insurance
Indemnity
Insurable Interest
Utmost Good Faith
Non-Disclosure
Misrepresentation
PPT Polices
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
Choice Of Sample
3.1 Sources Of Data
3.2 Data Analysis Techniques
3.3 Population And Sample Size
Sample And Sampling Techniques
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
Data Analysis
4.1 Premium Income Generated By Class Of Insurance
Source Of Marine Insurance Premium By Economic Sector
Marine Insurances Premium By Trade Sectors
Premium Income, Marine And Non-Marine Insurance
Contribution Of Marine And Non-Marine Insurance To Net Premium Income
Impact Of Claims On Premium Income
Effect Of Commission On Net Premium Income
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, FINDING, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary Of Findings
Major Findings/Conclusion
Recommendations
Suggestions For Further Studies
Reference
Bibliography
Questionnaire
CHAPTER ONE
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Insurance is a fascinating area of study which covers many areas including life, motor, contractor’s all risk, goods-in-transit, fidelity bonds, fire and Burglary, workmen’s compensation personal accident and marine.
In Nigeria, however, many people hunk that it is only concerned with life, fire and motor. Some insurance companies also have the motion that only profitable areas in insurance are generally accident, fire and life. Marine insurance is not given adequate attention and its value as an income generating source is overlooked. Professionally the concept of insurable interest is seldom attached to marine insurance at inception whereas insurable interest exists for other classes of insurance at inception.
It is on the basis of this tidy that marine insurance is an interesting area of study because it has many facts, each of which constitutes its own specially and deserves professional treatment for instance, the calculation of premium and settlement of claims in marine insurance requires specialized knowledge of shipping, clasificaiton of goods an freight charges. Another reason which marine insurance comes across as being so unique is that aspect of international commerce with which limited to the local regions of its country of operation. It is ahs its overbearing impact in other countries practices as far as cargoes leave or come to their shores are concerned.
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
this project was a study of UNIC pLC and it was concerned with analysis of income generated form marine insurance over a period of three years.
The primary objective was to determine the percentage of contribution of all types of marine insurance to the company’s annual income.
To determine the relative importance and volume of marine insurance as a revenue generating source.
To determine the quantum of income form marine insurance business.
To identify the major non-life insurance businesses form which UNIC PLC, derived its incomes from 2003, 2004 and 2005 and the specific contributions of marine insurance to overall performance.
1.3 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
The statement of problem therefore, is that marine insurance business in developing countries like Nigeria is still not well known or developed. Thus, it is not likely to contribute much to an organization turnover.
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The company would be able to have a clear picture of its performances for it to know if it is growing or declining and then be able to plan ahead for a better performance in the coming years. Also that client would also be provided with vital information about UNIC PLC, it performance generally and specially in marine insurance, when the company was established and its strength.
The country would also benefit in the sense that they would be able to generate revenue from marine. Insurance as it does in motor insurance with the little information gotten form this research work.
1.5 RESEARCH QUESTION
What has been the trend in the growth of marine insurance business in the past 5 year?
Which business organization and institutions patronize your company for marine business?
Is there any future for the Nigerian marine insurance industry ?
How is marine insurance business processed?
SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
Scope: the scope of this research work is strictly restricted to the typical Nigerian who might fall to the category of the uneducated or illiterate, the unoriented and the ignorant.
Limitation: the major limitations of this research work is mainly as a result of time constraint, lack of existing publication of the virgin topic as well as financially in carrying out further research on this believed topic of mine at the student’s level of income.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Cargo – Goods in a ship
Commission – payments made to an intermediary (broker
or agent) for introducing to or handling of the business for an insurer.
Goods – Goods in the nature of merchandise. It also
not include personal effects or provisions and stores for use or board
Freight insurance: – insurance of the profit.
Hull – The frame or body of a ship
Hull policy: covers the vessel and its machinery.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
INSURANCE SERVICE AND ITS RELEVANCE TO MARKETING AND ADVERTISEMENT OF GOODS AND SERVICES IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Now Nigerian is in the age called industrial institution. New product development and nations are receiving a new and increasing basis and attention from both the government and private sector initiatives. While the federal government has set up an enthusiastically funding research institutes (PRODA) Enugu. And the federal institute of industrial research Oshodio Lagos.
Marketing research is the funding that links the marketers to consumers and the public through information-it is used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems generally refine and evaluate marketing action to monitor marketing performance and to improve understanding of the marketing process (Kotler and Armstrong 1999, p.115-116).
Increasingly, marketers are viewing information not just as an input asset and marketing better decision but also as an important asset and making tool (Glazer 1991, p.1-19). Many of the private enterprises are setting up research development (RD) departments, allin the part to turn out new product or innovations. On smaller sack, but with matching enthusiasm some brilliant students and young “Jobless” school leavers, graduates or tertiary institutions and even non-illiterate individuals have braced themselves and turned out of their ingenuity, some interesting products and innovations. All these are economic orientation that so salvage our battered economy, we must invent our own products, innovate and commercialize. Hence, the numerous new bread inventors of today.
The idea of transfer of technology which was ripe between the late seventies and early eighties has failed to work to our benefit. We have been cheated in the transfer transaction. Nineteen years after we have faithfully paid the high price, we are yet to take deliver any of appreciable package of product technology rather and we have remained net importer of practically manufactured goods from foreign nations. The high cost of our import of goods and services and the falling prices of our petroleum and commodities have forced the federal government to ban the importation of some goods and those that can still be imported are not our naira which has depreciated by over 400% in the foreign exchange.
In the light of all the myriads of problems above, the only logical thing for us to do is to develop our own technology, produce our own new products, commercialize them in the country and even go a step further to export them to earn the new scarce foreign exchange. This is exactly what the governments encouraged the citizenry to do through the introduction of the former Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). The spirit of SAP is self reliance and economic reconstruction.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
1. The product cover the insurers can be a problem in the sense that if it is not well pauafed would not be marketed.
2. Low level of educational background can cause poor implementation of market concept.
3. In marketing price can be a hindrance in the sense that if the price is high, the workability of the marketing strategy will be defeated.
4. If the product is not well promoted, it will beaset back in sale of insurance cover.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To identify two major constraints impinging on the successful commercialization of new product and innovations in Nigeria.
2. To pinpoint the shortcoming (if any) of Nigerian investors and innovators in the commercialization of new products and innovations.
3. To suggest suitable marketing strategies which can ensure the successful commercialization of new products and innovations in Nigeria.
4. To set attributes and co-editors in which innovations must reach in the commercialization of new product.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
· What type of innovation do you use in your selling strategy?
· How do you package your products insurance cover for the consumers?
· Is your pricing (premium) commurate to the cover provided for the consumers or is it on the high side?
· How did you come to know that your new inventors / innovations has market potentials?
· About how many times within the lest twenty four months have you had to change your prices?
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study is expected to serve as a guide to Nigeria investors, innovators, individuals and corporate research bodies who should play important roles in the commercialization in Nigeria. This research believes that this study will go on to stimulate the interest of marketing in the development and successful commercialization of new products and innovations.
1.6 DEFINITION OF OPERATIONAL TERMS
1. Enthusiastically or Enthusiasm: A strong felling of interest or admiration.
2. Salvage: The act of saving a wracked ship or its goods from the sea. It is also known by the act of saving from destruction useful and valuable property from been destroyed, lost or damaged by wrecking.
3. Macedonia Cell: Biblical language shows how urgently one is needed.
4. Innovations: The introduction of something new. A new idea, method or invention.
5. Insurer: Insurer is the person who accepts to cover a risk and indemnify the insured if the risk occur.
6. Insured can also be called the policy holder and He is the person who takes a risk to an insurer to be in insured with a consideration called premium.
7. The Product Concept: This concept holds that consumers will favour products that offer the most quality performance and innovative feature and that organization should thus devote energy to making continuous product improvement.
8. The Selling Concept: This concept hold that consumers will not buy enough of the organization products unless of undertaking an aggressive selling and promotional effort practices with unsought goods, those that buyers do not normally think of buying, eg. insurance.
9. Re-insurance is the method of insuring risk or transferring risk that has already insured. It is an argument between the cooling office and re-insurance office.
10. Premium is the consideration paid to the insurer to secure the payment of sum assured on the happening of the contingence assured against. It is also the monetary consideration pass from insured to the insurer for their undertaking to pay the sum insured in the events of the risk insured against occurs.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
References
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED INSURANCE COMPANIES IN NIGERIA
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The role of motivation on the productivity of employees in any organization cannot be overemphasized. Now, research on the subject of motivation has advanced greatly in western countries; this cannot be said for developing economies like Nigeria (Ituma et al, 2011). The goal of employee motivation is to achieve organizations goals through employee creativity. Since one of the organization’s goals is customer satisfaction, it is important that in this era of globalization, where intense competition is rife, there is need to motivate employees in order to be able to respond quickly to changes in the business environment.
Motivation is a basic psychological process along with perception, personality, attitudes, and learning (Tella et al, 2007; Aworemi et al, 2011); Motivating is the management process of influencing behaviour based on the knowledge of what make people encouraged to work. Effective motivation is way of stimulating people such that they become satisfied with and committed to their jobs (Inyang, 2011). It is however agued that, insurance service being an intangible, heterogeneous, perishable, service product, produced and consumed simultaneously, only motivated employees can seek to differentiate themselves from their rivals by treating customers in the way they would want to be treated, thereby attaining the quality service that enhance organizational performance.
To many customers and potential insurance consumers in Nigeria, whom insurance service is a technical product, the first contact persons (employees) represent the insurance company. If these employees are able and satisfactorily meet their needs, they are not only satisfied, but would become emotionally attached to the company. Insurance is a variable service product, where customers are involved in the production and consumption of the service. Imagine frontline employees in Nigerian insurance industry, such as sales representatives, underwriters, claim handlers, being motivated to use their initiative in decisions regarding work schedules, terms and conditions of cover, risk exceptions and exclusions, underwriting requirements and claim settlement, there would be increased trust, customer-employee positive relationship, customer satisfaction and increased productivity.
Motivation is an art targeted to getting people work willingly, and an art of inducing one to behave in a particular manner to achieve a task. Mee-Edoiye and Andawei (2002) viewed motivation as a human engineering approach being triggered by the individual needs. Flippo (1982) defined motivation as a psychological process initiated by the emergence of needs involving a goal directed action and behavior aimed at satisfying a particular desire. It is the inducement given to workers for higher output. Motivated behaviour has three basic characteristics:
1. It is sustained – it is maintained for a long time until satisfied.
2. It is goal-directed – it seeks to achieve an objective.
3. It results from a felt need – an urge directed towards a need.
Employee productivity according to Akindele (2003) is defined as labour output per day (man-day). This is often reduced by delayed, unclear or inadequate instructions, provision of poor tools and equipment, unbalanced work gangs, use of working method, lack of incentives, and failure to delegate authority from senior to lower level supervisors (Heap 1987). The productivity of individual employee, which in turn affects the productivity of a company, is a very important parameter to watch as it measures an insurance company’s competitive power. It is an indicator of a firm’s profit margin, a measure of the firm’s survival in business, a yardstick for remuneration of employees, and a means of recognition of hard work. It against this backdrop that this research study will examine the “effect of Motivation on the Productivity of Employee of Insurance Companies” with a special reference to AIICO Insurance Company Nigeria Plc.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
There are divergent opinions on employee attitude towards motivation and the impact on employee performance. In the past, employers of labour have been complaining that employees perform their work efficiently when they are newly employed but with time, their efficiency and productivity decreases. Based on literature review, employees have attributed decrease in efficiency and productivity to the fact that employers do not provide adequate motivation to enable them put in their best. Productivity suffers a lag if motivations are poor or inappropriately used. The use of various incentives to motivate staff should be adequate and appropriate to enable employees put in their best, in order to survive in a profitable way in the highly challenging and competitive Nigerian insurance market.
Among the factors of production the human resource constitutes the biggest challenge because unlike other inputs employee management calls for accomplished handling of thoughts, feelings and emotions to ensure highest productivity. Sometimes employers in the insurance industry in Nigeria fail to implement a tactical tool built on motivation in accomplishing their mission and vision. Even when they understand the significance of motivation, they lack the skill and knowledge to provide a work environment that fosters employee motivation. It is in the view of this, that this research is being carried out to examine the “Effect of Motivation on the Productivity of Employees of Insurance Companies” with a special reference toAIICO Insurance Nig Plc.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The major objective of this study is to examine the effect of Motivation on the Productivity of Employees of Insurance Companies. While other specific objectives include;
1.To assess the effect of motivation on the productivity of employees of insurance companies.
2.To examine the effect of reward system on employee performance.
3.To determine the effect of job incentives on the commitment of workers to their organisations.
4.To examine the relationship between motivation and organizational profitability.
5.To find out the effect of employees participation in decision making on organizational efficiency.
6.To provide plausible recommendations on the effect of motivation on the productivity of employees of insurance companies.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The undertaking of this research project will beam a searchlight on the following research questions;
1. Does motivation has effect on the productivity of employees of insurance companies?
2. Does reward system have any effect on employee performance?
3. What is the relationship between job incentives and the commitment of workers to their organisations?
4. Does motivation has effect on organizational profitability?
5. What is the effect of employees participation in decision making on organizational efficiency?
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES
The researcher intends to test the following hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance;
Hypothesis One
Ho: There is no significant relationship between motivation and productivity of employees in insurance companies.
Hi: There is a significant relationship between motivation and productivity of employees in insurance companies.
Hypothesis Two
Ho:There is no significant relationship between reward system and employee performance in AIICO Insurance Nig Plc.
Hi: There is a significant relationship between reward system and employee performance in AIICO Insurance Nig Plc.
Hypothesis Three
Ho: There is no significant relationship between job incentives and commitment in AIICO Insurance Nig. PLC.
Hi: There is a significant relationship between job incentives and commitment in AIICO Insurance Nig. PLC.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
ANALYSIS OF THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF INSURANCE UNDER THE NIGERIAN LAW OF INSURANCE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0.0 INTRODUCTION
Due to the high level of illiteracy in the Nigerian society, many people are unaware of insurance policies. However, with the enactment of Insurance Decree[1], the awareness of insurance policies was enhanced. Thus, more people took steps to insure their properties or lives. Unfortunately, however, much as the high percentage of them normally end up unable to have their claims indemnified, either as a result of a breach of one insurance principle or another. These principles are numerous and they are the basis upon which insurance contracts are based. Failure to adhere to any of the principles may render an insurance contract void. The need to understand as well as having a second knowledge of the basic principles of insurance cannot be over emphasized.
These principles of insurance which are i) Insurable interest; ii) Utmost good faith/Duty of disclose; iii) Subrogation; iv) proximate cause; v) Indemnity; vi) ‘No Premium, No Policy’, are the bedrock of insurance contract, the absence of any of which the purpose of insurance will be defeated.
The purpose of insurance cannot be farfetched. This can easily be seen from the various definitions of insurance. Insurance contract has been defined in the case of PRUDENTIAL INSURANCE COMPANY V INLAND REVENUE COMMISSIONER[2], as
a contract whereby a person called the ‘insurer’ undertakes in return for the consideration called the premium to pay another person called the ‘assured’ a sum of money or its equivalent on the happening of a specified event
Insurance is an intricate economic and social device for the handling of risks to life and property. It is social in nature because it represents the various co-operations of various individuals for mutual benefits by combining together funds to reduce the consequence of similar risk.
Simply put, insurance is the placing back of a person who has suffered a loss in the same position he was before loss occurred. It aims to eradicate the consequence of a loss by not allowing the insured to suffer the consequential loss. However, as earlier stated, unless one meets the requirements of all the basic principles of insurance, he will be estopped from claiming under an insurance contract.
1.1.0 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
Insurance law is reputed for its general principles, and the principles of indemnity is one of them, others are insurable interest, utmost good faith, subrogation, contribution and proximate cause. A principle denotes a general guiding rule, which does not include specific directions, which vary according to the subject matter.
The basic principles applicable to insurance law flow from the nature of insurance contract as conceived, many years ago, by Law Merchants and taken over by the Common Law. The principles are common to all classes of insurance, both life and nonlife and both marine and non-marine. By its nature, insurance contract postulates that a sum of money will be paid on the happening of the insured event by the insurers; however, the event must be uncertain. The uncertainty related to whether the event will ever happen as in fire or accident insurance or as in life insurance where death is a necessary end to all human life, but the time of death is uncertain. In comparison with other areas of the law, there is no other law, which attracts the number of general principle s with deep-rooted effect as insurance.
1.2.0 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
The aim of this topic is to enlighten the general public about this area of insurance, which though seem insignificant yet is the basis of the insurance contract. This topic therefore aims to consider the position of the insurer as well as the insured. Also, the aims and objectives of this study is to eliminate or at least to minimize such misunderstandings by stating the ‘rules of the game’ for the benefit of the parties taking part in the insurance contract or transaction.
1.3.0 FOCUS OF STUDY
This project focus mainly on the basic principles of insurance under the Nigerian Law of Insurance, how it affects insurance policies, how this effects can be minimized as well as a determination of when an insured is entitled to claim and when he is not based on these principles.
1.4.0 SCOPE OF STUDY
The scope of this study is within the Nigerian Law of Insurance. The areas to be covered inter-alia include the analysis of the basic principles of insurance which consist of
Insurance Interest, Utmost Good Faith, disclosure and Proposal, form, the Premium Policy, indemnity, Subrogation and Proximate cause, as it relates to the contract of insurance under the Nigerian Law of Insurance.
1.5.0 METHODOLOGY
The style to be adopted in this essay will be expository and narrative. For this essay to achieve its aim, reliance will be placed on secondary sources of information gathered from textbooks, law reports, view of jurist, judicial decisions, dictionaries and encyclopaedia on the subject matter and of course, the internet. It is pertinent to mention that many articles, journals have not been written in this area of law, the few that are available will be well utilised.
1.6.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
Though many foreign books did not treat the topic of this essay in details but one of its concepts insurable interest, most Nigerian Authors however, lighten the burden of this work with their tactful treatment of the basic principles of insurance. Important Authors in this regard include J. O. Irukwu, on Insurance Law and Practice in Nigeria; Professor Olusegun Yerokun, on Insurance Law in Nigeria and Funmi Adeyemi, on Nigeria Insurance Law.
According to J. O. Irukwu, the fundamental principles of Insurance Lawand Practice as applicable to Nigeria are insurable interest, utmost good faith, disclosure, indemnity, subrogation and proximate cause. Though Irukwu, on this subject has principles laid down before the now operating Insurance Act 2003 in Nigeria, some of these principles remains in conformation with the insurance Act 2003. To make the work an updated are however, Funmi Adeyemi and Professor Olusegun Yerokun’s insurance text which contains the prevailing law will equally be used among other materials. Olusegun Yerokun’s text which is Insurance Law in Nigeria provides a comprehensive analysis of insurance law in all its aspects. As a result of the repeal of the Insurance Decree, 1991 and the promulgation of the Insurance Decree, 1997, and the now operating Insurance Act 2003, the contents reflect the changes in law. The basic principles of insurance according to Yerokun are Insurable Interest, Utmost Good Faith, Indemnity, Subrogation,
Disclosure, Premium and Proximate Cause. There is also the work of M. C. Okany on Nigerian Commercial Law, which is of the opinion that contracts of insurance are governed by the general principles of contract but, on account of their special nature, all contracts of insurance are in addition governed by special or fundamental principles. These principles of insurance according to M. C Okany are Utmost Good Faith, Insurable Interest, Indemnity and Subrogation. The work and contribution of these distinguished authors are acknowledged to be of great value.
There are also foreign authors who have in no small measure distinguished themselves and whose works are relevant to this research, some of these authors are: John Birds on Modern Insurance Law; Opined that the basic principles of insurance are insurable interest, fraud, Non-Disclosure and Misrepresentation, Premiums and Subrogation. He is of the view the most important and reliable is the insurable interest; There is also the work of MacGillivray and Parkington on Insurance Law. The General principles of insurance according to them are insurable interest, premium and subrogation, they never include non-disclosure and misrepresentation as John Bird. Raoul Colinvaux on The Law of Insurance, includes indemnity, which makes his none comprehensive than the other two, which is insurable interest, non-disclosure and misrepresentation premium, indemnity and subrogation and in addition, Hardy Ivamy ‘General Principles of Insurance Law will also be consulted. All these foreign authors in their books are of the opinion that the basic principles of Insurance are Insurable Interest, Non-Disclosure, The
Premium, Indemnity and Subrogation.
Also, notable judicial pronouncements of the courts and the opinion of jurists are also relied upon coupled with reference to various legislations on insurance like the Marine Insurance Act, 1961; Insurance Act, 2003.
1.7.0 DEFINITION OF TERMS
For proper understanding of this project topic, there is need to acquaint ourselves with some basic insurance terminologies.
Risk: In insurance law, the danger or hazard of a loss of the property insured[3]. In a contract of insurance, the insurer undertakes to protect the insured from a specified loss and the insurer receives a premium for running the risk of such loss. Thus, risk must attach to a policy.
Mitigation of Loss: In the event of some mishap to the insured property, the insured must take all necessary steps to mitigate or minimize the loss, just as any prudent person would do in those circumstances. If he does not do so, the insurer can avoid the payment of loss attributable to his negligence, but it must be remembered that though the insured is bound to do his best for his insurer, he is nor bound to do so at the risk of his life. Insure: To make sure or secure, to guarantee, as to insure safety to anyone. It also mean to indemnify a person against pecuniary loss from specified perils or possible liability4.
Insured: The insured is the policy-holder who is entitled to indemnity or monetary compensation on the happening of an event insured against. The insured is also the person who obtains or is otherwise covered by insurance on his health, life or property[4].
Insurer: He is the party who undertakes in consideration of an amount paid to him by the insured (premium) to pay money to the insured or assured on the happening of a stated event. Examples of the kinds of insurers we have include, the Mutual Insurance Association, NICON Insurance Companies Limited, among other[5].
Third Party: There are two parties to an insurance contract, the insurer and the insured. All others are strangers to the contract, and are referred to as third parties because they are not parties to the insurance contract between the insured and the insurer. For instance, the pedestrian who is knocked down by the insured in a motor accident is a third party and a stranger to the contract between the insurer and the insured[6].
Insurance Company: A corporation or association whose business is to make contracts of insurance[7].It must also be registered under the Nigerian Law.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL INSURANCE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY
Abstract
Agricultural production faces myriad of risks. Nevertheless, two major risks are of concern to theagricultural sector- price risk caused by potential volatility in prices and production risk resultingfrom uncertainty about the levels of production that primary producers can achieve from theircurrent activities. It is likely that these major risks will increase in the future – price risk due toliberalization of trade and production risk caused by the effect s of climate change. Agriculturalrisks not only affect farmers, they also affect the whole agribusiness value chain. Each of theparticipants along the supply chain, from the Government, Financial Institutions, suppliers of inputs, the distributor, the trader, the processor and the end consumers, are subject to these risks.Agricultural investments unfortunately are among the most risky economic ventures one canembark upon, the absolute dependence on unpredictable weather conditions, like storm, flood,drought and other natural hazards make income from crop products and agricultural products likelivestock poultry and dairies to be very unstable.Agricultural Insurance policies serve as securities for banks as indemnification for financiallosses suffered by farmers and those in the agricultural value chain resulting from damages totheir products, and also provides funds for servicing such loans. This paper is concernedexclusively with the role of agricultural insurance in the agribusiness and in the development of the economy. It gives an introduction and a review of the agricultural sector that led to theagricultural insurance decree in 1993. The paper describes the various products available under the agricultural insurance while asection was devoted to analyzing the economic impact of agriculture Insurance on the economy,then conclusion and recommendations.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Research Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Research Questions
1.6 Research Hypothesis
1.7 Conceptual and Operational Definition
1.8 Assumptions
1.9 Limitations of the Study
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Sources of Literature
2.2 The Review
2.3 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Method
3.2 Research Design
3.3 Research Sample
3.4 Measuring Instrument
3.5 Data Collection
3.6 Data Analysis
3.7 Expected Result
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
4.1 Data Analysis
4.2 Results
4.3 Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary
5.2 Recommendations for Further Study
Bibliography
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
EFFECTIVENESS OF PERSONAL SELLING STRATEGIES ON MARKETING OF INSURANCE POLICIES
ABSTRACT
This work discusses effectiveness of personal selling strategies on marketing of insurance policies. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst people from selected states in Nigeria. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that personal selling strategies have a significant impact on marketing of insurance policies. Also, there is a strong relationship between personal selling strategies and the marketing of insurance policies.
The work is made of five chapters with bibliography and list of references
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Bibliography
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
THE IMPACT OF THE PRUDENTIAL GUIDELINES IN THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY
ABSTRACT:
This work discusses the impact of the prudential guidelines in the insurance industry. A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst agents of selected insurance companies. Interviews and surveys were also conducted.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that prudential guidelines have a significant positive impact in the insurance industry. Also, there is a strong relationship between prudential guidelines and the performance of the insurance industry.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Bibliography
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR
YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720
LIMITATIONS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF INSURANCE IN NIGERIA
ABSTRACT:
This work discusses limitations to the development of insurance in Nigeria. A case study of NAICON.A hundred and twenty questionnaires were shared amongst employees of selected insurance companies in Nigeria.
Primary and secondary data were used the analysis. Both frequency distribution and regression analysis were used.
It was observed therefore that poor orientation of the citizenry and poor performance of insurance companies have a significant effect on the limitations to the development of insurance in Nigeria.
TABLE OF CONTENT:
INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER THREE
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Bibliography
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)
After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to any of the numbers below
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408 (1) Your project topics
(2) Email Address
(3) Payment Name
OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720
We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 0046579864
Bank: GTBank.
OR
Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account Number: 3139283609
Bank: FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953, 08137701720, 09070569307, 08154275408
]]>