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CHANGES AND CONTINUITY IN AGE GRADE PRACTICES IN NIGERIA: A STUDY OF THE IGBO TRADITIONAL AND MODERN ADMINISTRATIVE SYSTEM
Abstract
This study “changes and continuity in age grade practices in Nigeria: A study of the Igbo traditional society and administrative practices was an attempt to find out how social dynamics in age grade system as a result of modernization has resulted in an improved societal transformation especially in Igbo land. This is because, the Igbo accord great recognition and respect to the age grade practices as a vibrant part of the mainstream of the traditional and modern political and administrative institutions. This paper therefore, took an impact assessment of the activities of the age grade in Igbo land and how far it has changed and continued till date. In doing this, the study employed both historical and descriptive analytic methods, wherein data collected through secondary sources were descriptively analyzed. Modernization theory was adopted as the theoretical framework. The study discovered that age grades in Igbo land before now, operated under unwritten constitution, that changes and continuity in the activities of age grades have resulted in positive transformation and civilization in Igbo society and that many age grades still operate primitively without access to appropriate technologies. the study recommended among others, that government should as a matter of necessity ensure that the modus operandi of all age grades or clubs, are constitutionally defined to avoid some primitive, barbaric and harmful practices. All age grades must be duly registered by both the Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) and Ministry of Local Government and Chieftaincy Matters, adequate technological skills and training for the members of age grades should be encouraged by relevant stakeholders. Also, obnoxious traditional practices/rituals that form part of many age grades initiation processes should be checked and eliminated in accordance with the modern and global best practices.
Keywords: Charges, Continuity, Age Grade, Nigeria, Igbo, Traditional, Modern, Society and Administrative System