DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF UNDER AND OVER VOLTAGE POWER PROTECTION SYSTEM

ATTENTION:

BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!

INFORMATION:

YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COST N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS PAGE. OR

YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08137701720

WHATSAPP US ON: 08137701720

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN OF UNDER AND OVER VOLTAGE POWER PROTECTION SYSTEM

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

High and low voltage cut off is a device designed to protect electrical appliances from over voltage as well as under voltage. The under/over voltage protection circuit with presented in this work is a low cost and reliable circuit for protecting such equipments from damages. Whenever the power line is switched on it gets connected to the appliance only after a delay of a fixed time. If there is hi/low fluctuations beyond sets limits the appliance get disconnected.

This voltage protection circuit is designed to develop a low-voltage and high-voltage tripping mechanism to protect a load from any damage. In many of the homes and industries fluctuations in AC mains supply take place frequently. The electronic devices get easily damaged due to fluctuations. To overcome this problem, we can implement a tripping mechanism of under / overvoltage protection circuit to protect the loads from the undue damage.

This work provides few circuit ideas that can provide low voltage and over voltage protection to connected electrical assets. Though these circuits won’t be able to stabilize the input voltage, even so may prove very effective in providing total safety to your precious electrical home appliances against dangerous input voltages.

The first design of a low voltage indicator circuit may be used to indicate the presence of dangerous low voltage conditions.

A low voltage may appear to be something that is lower in magnitude and power, but that is what makes it more lethal. For example a refrigerator working at 230 volts AC mains will never “like” voltages below 190, since in such cases its compressor due to the lack of sufficient voltage, will try to compensate by drawing heavy currents and may get damaged if the situation persists. The same is true for other types of AC operated motors.

Also in vehicles, for example a car, if the battery voltage falls below 9 volts, it may be quite harmful for the life of the battery itself and moreover the vehicle will just not start at that voltage.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

The objective of this work is:

Provide a solution to under voltage and over situation faced by residents of high density areas of Nigeria by designing and constructing an effective and comparatively cheaper voltage stabilizer which will have a cost price of less than total cost obtained which could be afforded by most low income earners.

To regulate the voltage of there is any over voltage or under voltage an regulate the voltage that will suit the purpose the analysis design, construction and cost comparison have been done and necessary tests have been satisfactory out.

1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

As a student of electrical and electronic engineering, working on this project have expose my knowledge to function and working principle of many electrics components such as voltage comparator, transistor, and mainly to auto-transformer. It has made me to understand the working principle and application of s of over and under voltage cutout if for both in homes and industries.

1.4 APPLICATIONS OF THE PROJECT

Over or under voltages in electricity is one of the major problems that affect their production. Due to high demand of electricity to sustain their operations, it results to low or high voltage output which can damage equipments. Therefore, these companies need specialized devices to help them protect their equipments from early wear and tear. High-And-Low Voltage Cut-Out is an electromechanical constituents that control the regular voltage outputs. During peak consumption of electricity, the sudden flow of power can damage electric or electronic machines. On the other hand, if there is low output of voltage, a machine may fail to function. It provide safe output to guard varieties of equipments including ultra modernized music systems, medical equipments LCD, Home Theater, industrial machines and more. They are designed with special features to protect equipments which include line noise spike protection, primary switching technology, auto reset, and overload cutoff protection. In order to preserve the life of machines, these devices are recommendable in any operation. They assure that machines are working well all the time especially in peak timings.

1.5 ADVANTAGES OF THE PROJECT

Cost is less as compared to voltage stabilizers

Consumes less power.

This circuit is used in homes and offices to protect equipments from high voltages and low voltages.

1.6 SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This straight forward circuit will protect electrical appliances from over voltage as well as under voltage. An ideal circuit for home to protect your valuable equipments from voltage fluctuations. The same circuit with some modifications can be used to make a automatic voltage stabilizer.

This device was built around an op-amp precisely LM 324. The inclusion of op amps makes the circuit operations much accurate and tripping points adjustable to any levels as desired by the user. The upper op amp has its non inverting input rigged to a preset and is terminated to the supply DC voltage, pin #5 here is provided with a reference level, so that as soon as the potential at pin #6 goes above the set threshold (by P1), the output of the op amp goes high.

HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERIAL (S)

After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to

08068231953 or 08168759420

(1) Your project topics

(2) Email Address

(3) Payment Name

OR you drop them on our WhatsApp, 08137701720

We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert

BANK ACCOUNTS

Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI

Account Number: 0046579864

Bank: GTBank.