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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A PILOT PLANT FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM COTTONSEED OIL
ABSTRACT
A pilot plant was designed and constructed for the production of twenty (20) litres of biodiesel per batch from cottonseed oil. SUPER PRO design software was used to design the transesterification reactor, mixer and heat exchanger. These were constructed locally, the equipment installed, and the plant commissioned. Results of runs carried out indicated that time of reaction greatly affects the yield of the biodiesel and its quality. The results have shown that reaction time of 1hr for transesterification yielded biodiesel of best physico-chemical properties and most importantly yielded 95.02% of methylesters (biodiesel), signifying most profitable operation. The compositional analysis of the methylesters was carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. The physico-chemical properties were compared with E.U. (EN14214) and ASTM (D6751) standard properties of biodiesel and found to fall within the standards. The economic analysis indicated that the value of Discounted Cash Flow Rate of Return (DCFRR) was 31.4%, and the Rate of Return (ROR), was 27.5%. The Pay Back Period of this plant has been calculated to be approximately 4 years indicating that the plant is economically viable.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Title page- – – – – – – – – i
Approval page – – – – – – – -ii
Dedication – – – – – – – – -iii
Acknowledgement – – – – – – – -iv
Abstract – – – – – – – – – -v
Table of content – – – – – – – -vi
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION – – – – – – – -1
1.0 Background of the study – – – – -1
1.1 Statement of the problem – – – – -5
1.2 Purpose of the study – – – – – -6
1.3 Significance of the study – – – – -8
1.4 Research questions – – – – – -9
1.5 Scope of the study – – – – – – -10
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW – – – – – – -11
CHAPTER THREE
Research methodology – – – – – – -39
Design of study – – – – – – – -40
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation, analysis and interpretation of data – -48
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary of findings – – – – – – -60
Conclusion – – – – – – – – -61
Recommendations – – – – – – – -62
Suggestions for further research – – – – -64
References – – – – – – – – -65
Appendix I – – – – — – – – -68
Questionnaire. – – – – – – – -69
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