ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF PLANTAIN AGRO ECOSYSTEMS OF HUMID TROPICS

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ECOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF PLANTAIN AGRO ECOSYSTEMS OF HUMID TROPICS

ABSTRACT

Plantain are traditionally cultivated in the humid agro-ecological zone of humid tropics. Their production has expanded from the fertile backyards or compound gardens to the field where the soil fertility can not sustain continuous cropping without external inputs. A field trial was conducted in Humid tropics zone in the rainforest zone of Nigeria, from 2000 to 2002, to assess the effect of mulching with sawdust at 20 MT/ha and NPK (20:10:10) fertilizer at 50, 100 and 150kg/ha, on the productivity of plantain/cocoyam mixture.

Fertilizer was applied sole or in combination with sawdust mulch and treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design in three replications. The highest intercrop productivity was found in mulched

plots fertilized at 150 kg/ha NPK. The highest plantain bunch and cocoyam yields in 2000/2001 were 21.0 and 4.6 tonnes/ha respectively, while in 2001/2002, their respective yields were 22.0 and 4.80 tonnes/ha. Plantain bunch yield in 2000/2001 in mulched fertilized plots exceeded that in the control by 45, 58 and 61%, at the fertilizer rates of 50,100 and 150 kg of fertilizer/ha, respectively. Yield increases in the corresponding treatments in 2001/2002 were 62, 73 and 74%, respectively. For Cocoyam, the yield increases (2000/2001) in the same treatments were 72, 76 and 83 %, in 2001/2002, the increases were 79%, 84% and 88%, respectively. The peak aggregate yields of the crops were 25.6 and 26.8 tonnes/ha in 2000/2001 and 2001/2002, recorded the highest cumulative intercrop yield of 52.4 tonnes/ha at 20 tonnes/ha sawdust mulch(SDM) + NPK at 150 kg/ha. Thus, this level of crop management could enhance the sustainable productivity of plantain/cocoyam intercrop under field conditions.

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