ELEMENTAL AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF OHA (Pterocarpus mildbraedii) LEAF

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ELEMENTAL AND PROXIMATE ANALYSIS OF OHA (Pterocarpus mildbraedii) LEAF

Abstract

Leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii obtained from Samaru and sabo was analyzed for proximate constituents and elemental compositions. It content for samaru and sabo samples respectively: (10.94 ± 0.083, 10.81±0.070%) ash, (9.35 ± 0.031, 9.19±0.070%) moisture, (21.00±0.19, 21.27±0.030%) crude protein, (5.91 ± 0.110%, 6.00±0.020) crude lipid, (8.15±0.230, 8.11±0.130%) crude fibre and (44.65±0.655, 44.57±0.352%) carbohydrate. Minerals like zinc (30.70, 30.90mg/kg) and potassium (1049, 1050.50mg/kg) are predominantly abundant, manganese (3.27, 3.24mg/kg) is present in less appreciable amount while no level of Arsenic was detected in both samples and this values conform with the daily recommended dietary allowance for the minerals as being reported by FAO/WHO (2012). The study established that Pterocarpus mildbraedii (oha leaf) contains high amount of vital minerals and nutrients (e.g. potassium, carbohydrates, protein) needed for a healthy diet. Its high protein and carbohydrate content further eulogize the inestimable nutritional values of the plant. It can therefore be affirm that P.

mildbraedii is a potential industrial raw material for food formulation and drug development.

Keywords: Elemental analysis, proximate composition, Pterocarpus mildbraedii.

1 Introduction

Pterocarpus mildbraedii Harms locally known as “Oha” in the Eastern Nigeria is one of the vegetables consumed widely in Nigeria [1-4]. Vegetables are the fresh and edible portions of herbaceous plants, which can be eaten raw, or cooked [5, 6]. Vegetables are valuable in maintaining alkaline reserve of the body; they are valued mainly for their high carbohydrate, vitamin and mineral contents [7-10]. Vegetables are rich sources of carotene, ascorbic acid, riboflavin, folic acid and minerals like calcium, iron and phosphorus [11]. In addition, they contain phytochemicals or anti-nutrients such as phytic acid, tannic acid and oxalate which reduce their bioavailability [12]. According to Aletor and Adeogun [13], some anti-nutritional compounds exhibit protective effects, thus making them to serve a dual purpose of reducing some essential nutrients and protecting the body against a number of biochemical, physiological and metabolic disorders. Vegetables may be edible roots, stems, leaves, fruits or seed. Each group contributes to diet in its own way [14], however there are some inexpensive leafy vegetables whose nutritive and anti-nutritive potentials are yet to be adequately studied and utilized. Among these leafy vegetables are the leaves of Pterocarpus mildbraedii. The leaves which are used for soup preparation give good taste and palatability. Pterocarpus mildbraedii is found in Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone and Tanzania. Pterocarpus mildbreadii Harms is a green leafy vegetable

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