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EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF A LONG-RUN RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGRICULTURE AND MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY OUTPUT IN NIGERIA
Abstract
This study investigates a long-run relationship between agriculture and manufacturing industry output in Nigeria using annual time series data from 1982 to 2017. The study employs Granger causality test, vector error correction model, and cointegration techniques to estimate the interdependence between agricultural productivity and manufacturing industry output. Empirical evidence from Granger causality test reveals a bidirectional relationship between agricultural productivity and manufacturing industry output. Although a positive and significant relationship exists in the short- and long-run estimates, a long-run divergence from the vector error correction model indicates that changes in agricultural productivity are not restored to equilibrium, given that macroeconomic factors distort the linkage. Policy implications suggest that macroeconomic stability is a necessary condition for agriculture and manufacturing industry output to foster economic growth.
Keywords
agriculture, manufacturing industry, Granger causality test, co-integration, vector error correction model