EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION OF OIL FROM WATER MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS) SEED

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EXTRACTION AND EVALUATION OF OIL FROM WATER MELON (CITRULLUS LANATUS) SEED

Abstract

The water melon fruit (Citrullus lanatus) seeds were obtained from discards of fruits and prepared for use by decoating, sun drying and grinding. Light yellow coloured oil was obtained by solvent extraction using petroleum ether and the following characteristics were obtained using petroleum ether: pH, refractive index, density, solvent miscibility, congealing temperature, flame nature, specific gravity, flash point and heat of combustion. Fire point and % yield. The saponification, iodine, peroxide value and unsponification matter were determined according to the standard method of analysis oil yield of 40% was obtained. The solvent miscibility of the oil was determined by physical observation of the uniform blending of oil sample in alkali (NaOH), acid, (HCl), ether, water, sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and carbonate solutions at room temperature, 40oC, 60oC , 80oC and 100oC. The results show refractive index (1.50 at 27oC) high level of acid value 85% (0.85), with the presence of oleic acid, stearic and palmitic acid and traces of linoleic acid and absence of arachidic, myristic and linolenic acids. With very low level of unsaturation, marked level of oiliness, and presence of high level of reasonable amount of free fatty acids. The low value of the congealing temperature of the oil gave an indication that the oil can be handled in other regions irrespective of the difference in temperature.

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