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FUNCTIONALITY OF JUNIOR SECONDARY EDUCATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA
Abstract: In Nigeria, Junior Secondary Education is a component of basic education which came on board with the Universal Basic Education (UBE) programme in 1999. Such education has a duration of three years and is meant for children of between the age of twelve (12) and fifteen (15) years. The children are expected to undergo occupational training in order to develop vocational competence and/or prepare them for self-employment or proceed to the senior secondary classes where they will be further trained for tertiary education. To what extent has the Junior Secondary Education been functional in the course of implementation of Universal Basic Education, the mother programme? This paper is an examination of the functionality of Junior Secondary Education within the framework of Universal Basic Education programme implementation, using indices such as the level of access to it vis- a- vis the population of children that fall within that age group, teachers quality and quantity, infrastructures facilities status, transition rate from JS3 to SS1, quality of its outputs, as well as efficiency in the production of outputs. Adequate funding of UBE programme, increased orientation/sensitization of the people, recruitment, training and motivation of teachers, commitment of teachers, provision of infrastructure and facilities for schools, enforcement of policy on transition rate from JS3 to SS1, as well as curbing of wastage in schools are recommended, to improve the functionality and enhance the achievement of Universal Basic Education programme objectives, as laid down by the planners.
Keywords: Functionality, education, secondary education, junior secondary education, basic education, framework, Universal Basic Education, implementation, Nigeria