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EFFECTIVENESS OF JUVENILE DELINQUENCY PREVENTION PROGRAM AMONG SELECTED RESIDENT STUDENTS IN BORSTAL HOME ILORIN, KWARA STATE
Abstract
Juvenile delinquency remains a significant societal concern, prompting the need for effective prevention programs to rehabilitate and reintegrate youth into productive societal roles. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a juvenile delinquency prevention program among selected resident students in Borstal Home, Ilorin, Kwara State. The research examines the program’s impact on behavioral modification, academic improvement, and psychosocial development of the participants. Using a mixed-method approach, data were collected through structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and observation of 100 resident students. The findings reveal that structured counseling, vocational training, and educational support significantly contributed to a reduction in delinquent behaviors. Furthermore, the program fostered improved self-esteem, social skills, and conflict resolution abilities among participants. Challenges such as insufficient funding, limited staff capacity, and lack of community reintegration support were identified as barriers to program success. The study concludes that while the program demonstrates potential for preventing juvenile delinquency, addressing systemic challenges is crucial for its sustainability. Recommendations include increased government funding, enhanced training for staff, and partnerships with community organizations to provide comprehensive post-residential support. This research contributes to the discourse on juvenile rehabilitation and offers practical insights for policymakers and stakeholders in youth development.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
Juvenile delinquency remains a global challenge that threatens societal stability and the future of young individuals. Defined as criminal or antisocial behavior by persons under the age of 18, juvenile delinquency is influenced by various factors, including family instability, poverty, peer pressure, and inadequate educational opportunities (Adeyemo & Owoeye, 2020). In Nigeria, increasing reports of juvenile involvement in theft, substance abuse, and violence have raised concerns about the effectiveness of existing preventive and rehabilitative measures.
Borstal institutions, established under the Borstal Institutions Act of 1962 in Nigeria, aim to rehabilitate young offenders and provide them with skills for reintegration into society. These homes implement various juvenile delinquency prevention programs, including counseling, vocational training, educational support, and moral instruction. The Borstal Home in Ilorin, Kwara State, serves as a critical facility for the rehabilitation of delinquent youths in the region. However, despite the existence of such programs, questions remain about their effectiveness in achieving sustainable behavioral change among residents (Oladipo & Adebayo, 2019).
Juvenile delinquency prevention programs are designed to address the root causes of delinquent behavior and provide alternative pathways for positive development. Studies have highlighted the importance of structured interventions, such as life skills training and educational initiatives, in reducing the likelihood of reoffending among juveniles (Smith et al., 2018). However, the effectiveness of these programs varies depending on factors such as program design, implementation quality, and available resources.
Based on the increasing rate of juvenile delinquency, a re-examination of the ineffectiveness of juvenile delinquency prevention programs is necessary to effectively reduce juvenile recidivism. Due to limited research, competing resources, and variety of aftercare programs, a gap analysis study was required to ensure the success of juvenile aftercare programs. This study aimed to determine the reasons why juvenile delinquency has been on the rise and ensure the effectiveness of aftercare programs in reducing juvenile delinquency. Law enforcement agencies have been involved in nearly 1.1 million juvenile delinquency cases (Ryan et al., 2013). Furthermore, reported law enforcement data reflected those juvenile offenders were responsible for 15% of all violent crimes and 24% of all property crimes (Ryan et al., 2013).
This study on community prevention programs and a school-based substance abuse prevention program provides results that could minimize the number of repeat offenders in the criminal justice system. Additionally, the results identified cost-effective applications and precursors for legal professionals to meet the required needs for juveniles to become responsible decision-makers and positive contributors within our society. This study’s social implications include minimizing the negative impacts of the criminal justice system by offering effective rehabilitation treatment methods that could be implemented through aftercare programs. An in-depth analysis was used to align many aspects of deviant behavior with current treatment program effectiveness to reduce juvenile delinquency.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Despite the existence of juvenile delinquency prevention programs in Nigeria, reports indicate a high rate of recidivism among young offenders. Many juveniles struggle to reintegrate into society after their time in Borstal homes due to limited post-rehabilitation support and societal stigma (Owolabi et al., 2021). The Borstal Home in Ilorin, Kwara State, has implemented several preventive measures, but the extent to which these initiatives have positively impacted the residents’ behavior remains unclear.
Furthermore, challenges such as inadequate funding, insufficient staffing, and outdated facilities hinder the effective implementation of these programs. If left unaddressed, the issue of juvenile delinquency may continue to escalate, posing significant risks to the affected individuals and the broader society. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of juvenile delinquency prevention programs in Borstal Home, Ilorin, with a view to identifying areas for improvement.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of juvenile delinquency prevention programs among selected resident students in Borstal Home, Ilorin, Kwara State. The specific objectives are:
To assess the impact of the prevention program on the behavioral modification of resident students.
To examine the role of vocational training and educational support in reducing delinquent tendencies.
To identify the challenges faced in the implementation of the program.
To propose recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of the program.
1.4 Research Questions
The study seeks to answer the following research questions:
How effective is the prevention program in modifying the behavior of resident students?
What role does vocational training and educational support play in reducing delinquent tendencies?
What are the challenges faced in the implementation of the program?
What strategies can enhance the effectiveness of the program?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study holds significant value for policymakers, social workers, and other stakeholders involved in juvenile rehabilitation. By evaluating the effectiveness of the prevention program in Borstal Home, Ilorin, the research will provide insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the current initiatives. The findings can guide the design of more effective interventions aimed at reducing juvenile delinquency and promoting successful reintegration.
Additionally, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on juvenile delinquency prevention, offering evidence-based recommendations for addressing the issue in Nigeria and other developing countries. It highlights the importance of investing in preventive and rehabilitative programs to ensure the holistic development of young individuals and foster a safer society.
1.6 Scope of the Study
The study focuses on the juvenile delinquency prevention program implemented at Borstal Home, Ilorin, Kwara State. It examines the experiences of selected resident students and assesses the program’s impact on behavioral modification, vocational skills acquisition, and academic performance. The research is limited to the activities and outcomes observed within the Borstal Home, and findings may not be generalizable to other institutions without contextual considerations.
1.7 Definition of Terms
Juvenile Delinquency: Criminal or antisocial behavior committed by individuals under the age of 18 (Adeyemo & Owoeye, 2020).
Prevention Program: Structured interventions aimed at reducing the likelihood of delinquent behavior among juveniles (Smith et al., 2018).
Borstal Home: A correctional facility designed to rehabilitate and reform young offenders.
Behavioral Modification: The process of altering negative behaviors through structured interventions and reinforcement strategies.
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