IMPACT OF UNIVERSITY WORKING ENVIRONMENT ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SECRETARIES IN NIGERIA-A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

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IMPACT OF UNIVERSITY WORKING ENVIRONMENT ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SECRETARIES IN NIGERIA-A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN RIVERS STATE

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the study

Human effort in organization is indispensable. It constitutes a complex phenomenon to managers of such organization to comprehend. Accordingly, it is believed that every behavior is a goal directed. Thus, for an organization or individual to engage in any productive venture, it must have underlying factors including the individual in that direction. Hence the effect of work environment in achieving set target for the organization must be in adequate condition. Therefore, the nature of office concerned with these things that influence workers productivity, which constitute the “why” of people behaviors? Why do people do things differently? Why is X’s moral higher than Z’s? What are these increases in work productivity? These questions can be answered with the understanding of the nature of work environment and how these affect productivity.

However, the organizational target can only be achieved if the environment is conducive. Work environment consists of the office buildings, its furniture and layout as well as the physical conditions under which workers operate. it is also concerned with the external factors to the business which the office serves, the industry or other activities within which the business lies, the custom and laws of the community within which they operates. These environmental factors are always changing and the office must react to the changes, but how does the customs and laws reduce workers morale? This question can be answered after investigation. Office and work environment are dynamic, but the most dynamic factors in the office is human factor.

Workers today are more educated than before. They are more likely to raise questions about their environment of work since management itself is dynamic pro. It has adhered and addresses itself to the provision of good environment of work for workers productivity. But what are those increases that enhance productivity? Therefore, answer will be made after investigations. However, poor work environment and bad conditions have posed a great danger to workers health and therefore make them to work with less joy and enthusiasms and work progress is hampered and disrupted.

An understanding of the effect of work environment on the productivity of employees cannot be over-emphasized or seen as overstatement in every organization. Experience has shown that workers are directly influenced by the environment they find themselves or where their competence will achieve nothing in terms of productivity if the environment is not conducive. This is in respect of workers in public enterprises today specially those in Edo City Transport Service and issue of unproductive nature of workers is compounded with the poor nature of the environment.

Therefore, because of the adverse effect of work environment on morale of employees, the need for provision of good physical work environment for workers was stated by Mill in 1930 after the First World War. During this period, various management teams were concerned with the importance of maintaining loyalty and morale through the elimination of irritants such as temperatures, noise and pollution from their environment. This was later spread out to include a wider area of disturbing influences like feeling of insecurity in relation to employment, unfairness on the part .of supervision and not being accepted by one’s fellow employees. There is a great need for standard of working condition received legal backing by 1963 law and act of parliament which made it mandatory for all business organizations to provide the minimum standard of interest that will enhance the performance of employees as an objective.

1.2 Statement of the research problem

Every organization is set up for a purpose and such purpose which is generally referred to as the objective and this cannot be achieved if the environment looks unhealthy. The absence of important of work material as a result of non availability of some necessary office facilities like air condition, rugs or tiles, good ventilation in some of the department in the company is a common feature. Some offices or departments look depressing and unstimulating. Some of them have no louvers, light and some with uncompleted roofs.

The state of affairs do not compete favorably with other office outside, some office with dirty and scattered environment, most of the departments have small floor space with materials tables, chairs, papers, files and other things scattered here and there. Some office were furnished without due regard to the relationship between colour selection and workers morale. Some of these facilities has colour which makes the office to be dark; in some of the department’s world service are wrongly arranged.

It is known from workers view point that the work of accounting typing etc needs good quality of light because of visual discrimination involved. As a result of non availability of good work environment, the performance of employees is in a declining state. Most departmental manager in the company pay no attention in accomplishing the departmental set objectives, as to be recognized and promoted at the expense of workers or employees welfare. These acts of negligence by the mangers have gone a long way to reduce workers performance or morale. The state of affairs in the company has resulted to negative attitude by the employees which is inimical to the progress and accomplishment of the company’s set objective. With an attempt to answer the questions in the research work.

1.3 Objectives of the study

The aim of this study is to investigate and identify the effect of work environment in Edo City Transport Service whether inadequacy of the various conditional factors can affect productivity of employee. It is also geared toward ascertaining whether the nature of work environment lead to low productivity, absenteeism and lateness among employees.

The specific objectives of the study are:

(i) To study how work environment affects productivity of secretaries.

(ii) To study how work environment affects the morale and interpersonal relationship among the employees.

(iii) To study how work environment affects profitability and the work itself.

(iv) To study how work environment affects customer relationship.

1.4 Significance of the study

Many people in an organization try to attain a higher level safety or job security in their place of work. And this study when completed should be of immense help to different organization and individuals. It will help to highlight the effect of work environment on the productivity of employees in Edo City Transport Service, so that the management will look into the problems with a view to make an improvement on its environment. It will enable the management to create minimum standard of good working environment for workers to achieve optimum productivity.

The study is intended to enlighten management that to create monetary incentive alone cannot motivate employees to better productivity without the provision of good environment under which they operate. Moreover, it will assist to uphold or testify the idea that good environment is very important and indispensable to growing needs of workers. It will also be beneficial to prospective students who will need some information contained in this work to guide their own research work which is related to the present study.

1.5 Limitation of the study

A general setback to most research works are: office facilities, human resources and job security are the major constraints expected to limit the extend of a study of this type, since observation interviews and questionnaire shall t constitute the basic data gathering. The methods shall have projected effects on perfectness of this research; notwithstanding, the researcher shall do a detail work on the subject which would ensure attainment of the objective upon which this research work was originally provided.

1.6 Hypothesis of the study

H0: There is no relationship between university working environment and productivity of secretaries

H1: There is a relationship between university working environment and productivity of secretaries.

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