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PUBLIC POLICY AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN NIGERIA( A CASE STUDY OF THE AGRICULTURE FOR FOOD AND JOB PLANS IN RIVERS STATE)

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Economic history revealed that agriculture is key pre-condition for economic growth and development and life-wire of modernization in every nation globally. Every modern nation passed through agrarian period. In Nigeria, before oil was uncovered in 1956, agriculture was life-wire of their economy bcause it provided foods, jobs and raw-materials for local and oversea based firms. In their research, Nchuchuwe and Adejuwon (2012) reenacted position of the classists, that agriculture advancement is sub-set for monetary development. The continued increase in production level over sensible time period followed by subsequent enhanced wellbeing of people reflected in increased income and living standard, defines development. But development as relates to group of persons defer from community to community, thus development definition in urban area, where there are notable facilities infrastructure like electricity, water, shelter, etc. cannot be used to define development, in sense of communities in local areas, where electricity, roads, water, health services, etc. are far cry. Development in local sense is about providing key necessities of life to local communities. Nchuchuwe and Adejuwon (2013) summarized local-area advancement as development that benefits local area population’s living standard. Daneji (2011) in his work drew nexus between agriculture development and general or common government objectives globally. Governments globally are interested in improving citizen’s welfare and general security for their life and property. Life cannot be secured with hunger, deprivation and terribly low living standard. This becomes cornerstone for every government that wants to fulfill obligation to people would first aspire to secure its citizens by pursuing vigorous agriculture program/projects. The aim is to ensure security of citizens, earn oversea income, secure future of their industries and generally improve GDP of the country (Robinson & Kalu, 2013).

To reduce abject poverty, create jobs, improve income and trigger development among local dwellers, international organizations like World Bank along with nations and states have launched agriculture programs/projects at different times and some of these programs include; “United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), Agricultural Development

Programme (ADP), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), National Economic

Empowerment and Development (NEED), the Directorate of Food, Road and Local Infrastructure (DIFRRI), National Accelerated Food Production Programme (NAFPP), Green Revolution (GR), Operation Feed the Nation (OFN)” (IFAD, 2011).

In Rivers State specifically, governments have hurled agriculture programs like

Accelerated Oil Palm development Initiative in 2008, Risonpalm Project (now SIART), 1978, Delta-Rubber Company Limited, 1975, the Root and Tuber Expansion Project (RTEP) and the School to Land Project, the Shongai Farm among others. The objectives of these projects include to provide foods for citizens, make available raw-materials for firms, create jobs, earn additional income and develop local areas through providing road, transportation, agriculture funding, technical assistance for local farmers, improved market access and paucity alleviation in local areas and country in general (Dare et al., 2014).

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Based on the objectives of government on establishing agricultural projects in Rivers state, the paper seeks to examine how three projects of the government – Risonpalm Project (now SIART) at Obima, the Shongai Farm at Bunu Tai and School to Land farm at Rumuodamaya have affected economic development through the creation of jobs, improvement in income of the people and increase productivity/output of people in the areas where the projects are sited. We shall continue our investigation by reviewing relevant literature, expose the methodology of the paper, providing the results of our analysis, findings and concluding remarks.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

To understand the impact of public policy on poverty reduction in Nigeria
To understand the relationship between public policy and poverty reduction in Nigeria

RESEARCH QUESTIONS