PATTERNS AND DETERMINANTS OF COMPLICATIONS AMONG PREGNANCY TERMINATION PATIENTS IN SIR YAHAYA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL BIRNIN KEBBI
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PATTERNS AND DETERMINANTS OF COMPLICATIONS AMONG PREGNANCY TERMINATION PATIENTS IN SIR YAHAYA MEMORIAL HOSPITAL BIRNIN KEBBI
ABSTRACT
Unsafe pregnancy termination remains a major public health concern in Nigeria, contributing significantly to maternal morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the patterns and determinants of complications among pregnancy termination patients attending Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi. A descriptive cross-sectional design was adopted, and data were obtained from patient records and structured questionnaires administered to women who received post-abortion care between January and December. Variables assessed included socio-demographic characteristics, gestational age at termination, method of termination, provider type, and severity of complications. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings revealed that the most common complications included severe bleeding (42.6%), sepsis (27.4%), incomplete abortion (21.8%), and genital tract injury (8.2%). Young women aged 15–24 years constituted the majority of cases, with 61.3% being unmarried. Determinants significantly associated with complications included gestational age greater than 12 weeks (p < 0.01), termination performed by unskilled providers (p < 0.001), use of invasive methods such as dilation and curettage (p < 0.05), and delayed presentation to the hospital (p < 0.01). Socioeconomic factors such as low educational level and lack of awareness of safe abortion services also increased vulnerability to severe complications.
The study concludes that complications of pregnancy termination in Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital follow a predictable pattern influenced by clinical, demographic, and provider-related factors. Strengthening access to safe abortion services as permitted by law, improving reproductive health education, and expanding post-abortion care capacity are recommended to reduce preventable morbidity. Further research is necessary to explore community-level determinants and enhance interventions targeted at high-risk groups.
CHAPTER ONE:
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objectives of the Study
1.3.1 General Objective
1.3.2 Specific Objectives
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypotheses
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Concept of Pregnancy Termination
2.2 Safe and Unsafe Abortion Practices
2.3 Complications of Pregnancy Termination
2.4 Socio-demographic Determinants of Post-abortion Complications
2.5 Health System and Provider-related Factors
2.6 Patterns of Presentation of Post-abortion Complications
2.7 Theoretical Framework
2.7.1 Health Belief Model
2.7.2 Socio-ecological Model
2.8 Empirical Review of Related Studies
2.9 Summary of Literature Review
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design
3.2 Study Area: Sir Yahaya Memorial Hospital, Birnin Kebbi
3.3 Study Population
3.4 Sample Size and Sampling Technique
3.5 Instruments for Data Collection
3.6 Validity and Reliability of Instruments
3.7 Method of Data Collection
3.8 Method of Data Analysis
3.9 Ethical Considerations
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS
4.1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Respondents
4.2 Patterns of Complications Among Pregnancy Termination Patients
4.3 Determinants of Complications
4.4 Hypothesis Testing
4.5 Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of the Study
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
5.4 Suggestions for Further Research
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