THE IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY TRAINING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

ATTENTION:

BEFORE YOU READ THE PROJECT TOPICS BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK YOU!

NOTE:

WE WILL SEND YOU THE ABSTRACT, TABLE OF CONTENT AND CHAPTER ONE OF YOUR APPROVED TOPIC FOR FREE.

CHOOSE FROM THE LIST OF TOPICS BELOW. SEND YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS AND THE APPROVED PROJECT TOPIC TO ANY OF THESE NUMBERS-

08068231953,08168759420

THE IMPORTANCE OF CHEMISTRY TRAINING OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TEACHING AND LEARNING

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study:

A well developed scientific and technological base are conditional to any national human and material development. Nigeria has been classified as a developing nation and has continued to make a break through by emphasizing much on science and technology thereby making inclusive of chemistryin the curriculum of the junior and senior secondary schools. During the ministerial council meeting of the national council on Education in 1987, the Federal Government of Nigeria decided to introduce chemistryinto the nation’s secondary school system. This was followed by the inauguration of the National committees on chemistrythe same year. The functions of the committee among others included, planning for dynamic policy on chemistryand literacy in Nigeria as well as devising clear strategies and terminologies to be used by the federal and state governments in the introducing computer Education. The general objective of the policy are: 1. To bring about a computer literate society in Nigeria. 2. To enable the present school children to appreciate and use the computer in various aspect of life and in future employment. The modalities for achieving stated objectives include; 1). Training teachers and associated personal 2). Provision of hardware facilities 3). Curriculum development. 4). Software developments and evaluation. 5). Maintenance of hardware. The above enumerated strategies can promote or impede the acquisition of computer knowledge. Functionalities of the strategies would promote acquisition while deficiency in implementation would constitute an impediment to the acquisition of computer knowledge. According to Francisca (2003) the polices are poorly implemented due to poor training and orientation of key implements (teachers). Through constant practice, workshop and seminars, the teachers will be equipped in relevant knowledge needed in computer which are appropriate for effective teaching and learning of computer education. Computer requires practices and only the teachers that knows the practices can teach it very well. Impediments with regard to the stated strategies the non availability of Hardware facilities in acquisition of computer education. Okon (1992) reported on the declining standard of teaching which is done without exposing the students to any form of practical experiences. The acquisition of chemistrywith the hardware facilities is just like going to school without pen and Books. In the 1990 National Conference on Curriculum development chemistrywas not inclusive in the issues discussed which now made the acquisition of chemistryvery difficult in the secondary school because it was not included early in the curriculum. Proper teaching and learning with regard to chemistryin the state secondary schools have been known to have suffered some set backs. There set backs have been generated by certain conditions such as: 1. Inadequate Provision of Facilities 2. Lack of Trained Personnel 3. Financial Constraint 4. Organizational Constraint (time frame for teaching computer in school; periods allocated to computer). On Inadequate Provision of Facilities Ajavero (1998) noted that absence of facilities in acquisition of knowledge creates problems and confusion to the learner instead of making changes in the learners’ life. Ezike (1991) added that computer science laboratory is a room where hardwares and softwares are programmed, practicalzed, ordered, grouped, recorded, rearranged, constructed among many other activities but the question is how facilitated is the room that could be boast the acquisition of computer for without facilities, the acquisition of computer is not effective. On lack of Trained Personnel Abiodum (2007), reveled that hence computer is “Cabage in cabage out” There is need that computer teachers are well trained otherwise they will cabage wrong thing into the children, and the children will as well Cabage out the Wrong thing. Francisca (2003), said that many of the laudable curriculum we have in use are poorly implements due to poor training and orientation of key implementers (teachers) of these curricula. The teachers through constant workshop and seminars should be well equipped in the relevant methodologies and knowledge that are appropriate for effective teaching of computer. On financial constraint Ukeje (1991), stressed on the need for the government to finance educational section, chemistryneeds more financial support more than other subjects in the school; if computer science subject is not supported financially it totally impedes its acquisitions.

On organizational constraints computer knowledge are acquired in the computer training centers and not in school which attracts less attentions to the periods allocated for its lesson in the school. In schools computer science is not included in the school time table that is why Jude (2007), maintained that chemistryis still limited in the federal colleges.

Statement of the Problem

There are problems associated with the acquisition of chemistry in secondary schools, which are; inadequate provision of facilities, lack of trained personnel, financial constraints, and organizational constraints. It was on this ground that the researchers choose to write on the impediments to the acquisition of chemistry by secondary school students

Methodology and procedure

In this research the researcher among other methods will use the descriptive research method. The descriptive research is concerned with the collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of data for the purpose of describing vividly existing conditions, prevailing practices and beliefs, attitudes, on-going procures etc. the descriptive research goes beyond the description of the conditions or phenomena to include discovery of meaning. It also focuses a discovery of trends that are developing. The main objectives of descriptive research is to get detailed and factual information about issues, events, problems and describe the events as they are.

The descriptive research method enabled the researcher to describe in a systematic manner the importance of chemistry training of secondary school students in teaching and learning. The essentials of the descriptive research cannot be over-looked, it is a research that gives the true picture of the whole situation or problem. It gives the basis for eliciting possible policies for alleviating problems. It also saves time. The data for the descriptive analysis was generated through various types of data collection; they are interviews, which are structured interview and unstructured interview, also through an empirical investigation. They all will be discussed below.

INTERVIEWS:

Interviews involve eliciting information from the respondent through some verbal interaction between the interview and the respondent. It is a face to face interaction situation in which one person the interviewer questions, which are responded to orally. The questions which are properly framed, allows the respondent easy understanding of the information that are being sort for.

The empirical investigation

The researcher will conduct a detailed empirical investigation in selected secondary schools. The method here was based on sustained participant observation approach (Scott, 1965). Data were collected through interviews, study of secondary material and observation. The observation is an investigation method used to obtain direct information method used to obtain direct information on the behavior of individuals, objects or situations. It involves watching people, situations phenomena and getting first-hand information relating to particular aspects of such people, events, situations or phenomena.

Information relating to certain aspects of human behavior can only be obtained in the particular settings where such behaviors are exhibited. Use of interviews are discussed above. Secondary materials are those source of information which other people did not participate or witness the events. The author of a secondary source material tries to collect and synthesize a pool of materials, which include encyclopedia, dictionaries, textbooks, journals and periodicals, newspapers and magazines as well as publications. Extensive use was made of personnel interviews. In this research the researcher concentrated on focused interviews. This involved the use of guided questionnaire sheet which are designed to assist the researcher to obtain desired information from the respondents. This technique was aimed at giving the respondents the freedom to answer questions asked, while the interviewer occasionally directed the discussion towards the course that will enable him obtain the required information.

Reliability of data collected

Interviews used will be the structured interviews and unstructured interview. The structured interview is a rigidly standardized and formal kind of interview. The questions were presented to the different respondents, in the same order and choice of alternative responses, and it is restricted to predetermined list. The structured approach allowed for reliable data analysis. In the unstructured interview, which is a flexible type of interview which contains very few restrictions on the respondent’s answers, the respondents were encouraged to express their thoughts freely.

The secondary materials that were studies were those relating to internal topic. These include textbooks, publications of government, newspapers, journals and periodicals. The textbooks were gotten from the library to provide detailed information and knowledge. Generally, the textbooks provided interpretation in the topic. The government publications like books, pamphlets, e.t.c. from different government agencies and parastatals contain very rich information concerning the topic, they included statistical reports, research reports, official reports, laws and other materials that are not readily available elsewhere.

The newspapers on the other hand provided current information concerning peoples’ views and opinions in the area of study. The formed valuable sources of information from where good ideas have been obtained to be helpful in designing and executing a very good work

RESEARCH DESIGN

In this study, the research method will have great emphasis toward the descriptive sample survey. This approach was adopted here because the researcher worked with a much number of potential variable of interest with little previous knowledge of theory that would inform us on where to begin. It is considered that a more flexible and exploratory approach will be needed.

A possible compromise between the exploratory research of the single participant observer and a much more systematic and standardized approach is the descriptive sample survey. In this sample survey, a premium is placed on certain kinds of standardization, here the research was concerned with the methodology areas.

This final to collect data in such a way that all respondents are confronted with rarely identical questions.This seems is concerned with sampling are the question of generalization in making results. The third is with specifying standard criterion for data analysis procedure so that different analysis may reach similar conclusion based on the available data.

Population of the study

The population that will be affected states is two hundred and fourteen (200), the information was obtained from the records of various sources.

Instrument for data collection

Two instruments will be used in the study and it yields a lot of contribution and contents.

i. Oral Interview: The research used face-to-face interview with the interviews with the respondents to obtain the necessary information needed from the organization.

ii. Questionnaire: The research used questionnaires to gather information from the respondents. The questionnaire contains difference questions. Some option from which the respondents were, required to choose

Reliability of the instrument

The instrument will be subjected to test, retest reliability test. The result showed a good internal consistency.

Methods of data collection

The data for this study will be obtained from primary data where obtained from respondents, through direct interview and questionnaire method.

The secondary data were obtained through the stocks of material from the researchers’ friends and associates and National library. More so, an experience from observation was very helpful in this research work.

Methods of data analysis

The analysis of data was organized along the following lines. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to indicate percentage scores of all the respondents. The calculation of respondents will be equally drawn up on the table.

HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT MATERICAL(S)

After paying the appropriate amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to

08068231953 or 08168759420

(1) Your project topics

(2) Email Address

(3) Payment Name

(4) Teller Number

We will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert

BANK ACCOUNTS

Account Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI

Account Number: 0046579864

Bank: GTBank.