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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC EXPENDITURE, CORRUPTION AND POVERTY IN NIGERIA
Abstract
Poverty affected about 67% of Nigerians who have poor means of livelihood, such as lack of food, poor health services, low education, lack of shelter etc. Government, through its expenditures, have tried to provide public goods in order to improve welfare and reduce poverty, but yet no meaningful outcome as this expenditures are mostly affected by bureaucratic bottlenecks that causes delay and corruption. This paper investigated the impact of public expenditures and corruption on poverty in Nigeria, to see whether corruption ‘greases or sands the wheels’ of public expenditure on impacting poverty. Sources of data; CBN and NBS, Nigeria, and World Bank for 21 years (1996-2016) using ARDL bounds test. The findings revealed a long run negative relationship between expenditures and poverty, with only expenditures on economic been significant, while that of social sector is not, meaning of the former impact while the later does not impact. Corruption is positively related to poverty, as CPI increases, the poverty rate also increases, because the increase remains below 30 (still < 50), thereby, making the public expenditure not to impact on poverty. Hence, ‘sanding the wheels’. The study suggested some measures to enhance CPI if poverty is to be reduced by public expenditure.
Keywords: Public Expenditure; Corruption; Poverty