WOMEN INCLUSION AND EQUAL REPRESENTATION IN POLITICS AS A TOOL FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF OGOJA LGA

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WOMEN INCLUSION AND EQUAL REPRESENTATION IN POLITICS AS A TOOL FOR NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF OGOJA LGA

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the study

Under international standards, both men and women should have equal rights and opportunities to everything worldwide, most especially to participate fully in all aspects and at all levels of political processes. Globally, women constitute over half of the world’s population and contribute in vital ways to societal development generally. In most societies, women assume some key roles, which are: mother, producer, home-manager, and community organizer, sociocultural and political activists. Of these many roles mentioned, the last has been engendered by women movement.

In line with global trend, Nigerian women constitute nearly half of the population of the country. But despite the major roles they play with their population, women roles in the society are yet to be given recognition. This is due to some cultural stereotypes, abuse of religion, traditional practices and patriarchal societal structures. In Nigeria the awareness about the role of women in development of a nation came up in 1980s. The International Conference on women in Beijing in 1995 enhanced the effective participation of women in politics in Nigeria.

In Nigeria, about 51 percent of women are involved in voting during elections. Despite these, women are still under represented in both elective and appointive positions. Available statistics revealed that overall political representation in government of Nigeria is less than 7 percent (Agbalajobi, 2010). This shows that Nigeria has not attained 30 percent affirmative as prescribed by the Beijing Platform of Action.

1.2 Statement of the problem

Nigeria has been recording low participation of women in both elective and appointive positions this is a growing concern to many Nigerians. However, concerted efforts have been made by government and non-governmental organizations to increase the level of participation of women in politics, in line, with the declaration made at the fourth World Conference on women in Beijing, which advocated 30% affirmative action. However, in Nigeria, the extant National Gender Policy (NGP) recommended 35% affirmative action instead and sought for a more inclusive representation of women with at least 35% of both elective political and appointive public service positions respectively. The under representation of women in political participation gained root due to the patriarchal practice inherent in our society, much of which were obvious from pre-colonial era till date. However, the re-introduction of democratic governance has witnessed once again an increase in women political participation both in elective and appointive offices in Nigeria.

Objectives of the study
To understand the importance of women inclusion and equal representation in Nigeria politics
To understand the relationship between women inclusion in politics and Nigeria national development

Research Questions
What is the importance of women inclusion and equal representation in Nigeria politics
What is the relationship between women inclusion in politics and Nigeria national development